Question

In: Chemistry

Which of the following aqueous solutions are good buffer systems?


Which of the following aqueous solutions are good buffer systems? 


  • 0.33 M nitrous acid + 0.27 M potassium nitrite 

  • 0.24 M nitric acid + 0.23 M sodium nitrate 

  • 0.32 M ammonium nitrate + 0.33 M ammonia 

  • 0.16 M hypochlorous acid + 0.12 M sodium hypochlorite 

  • 0.16 M potassium fluoride + 0.28 M hydrofluoric acid

Solutions

Expert Solution

Acidic buffer solution is formed by mixing a weak acid and its salt of strong base i.e. its conjugate base.

Basic buffer solution is formed by mixing a weak base and its salt of strong acid i.e. its conjugate acid.

Therefore,

The good buffer solutions are :

(a). 0.33 M nitrous acid + 0.27 M potassium nitrite, Because, HNO2 is a weak acid and potassium fluoride i.e. NO2- is its conjugate base which form a acidic buffer solution.

(b). 0.32 M ammonium nitrate + 0.33 M NH3 , Because, NH3 is a weak base and ammonium nitrate i.e. NH4+ is its conjugate base which form a basic buffer solution.

(c). 0.16 M hypochlorous + 0.12 M sodium hypochlorite, Because, HClO is a weak acid and sodium hypochlorite i.e. ClO- is its conjugate base which form a acidic buffer solution.

(d). 0.16 M potassium fluoride + 0.28 M hydrofluoric acid, Because, HF is a weak acid and potassium fluoride i.e. F- is its conjugate base which form a acidic buffer solution.

On the other hand, HNO3 is the strong acidic therefore not form a buffer solution.


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