acid strength is compared for each set of compounds. given the main reason that would explain...

acid strength is compared for each set of compounds. given the main reason that would explain the trend:

NH₃<H₂O<HF why?

HF<HCl<HBr<HI why?

H₃PO₄<H₂SO₄<HClO₄ why?

HClO<HClO₂<HClO₃<HClO₄ why?

CH₃CO₂H<CH₂ClCO₂H<CHCl₂CO₂H<CCl₃CO₂H why?

Solutions

Expert Solution

1) NH₃<H₂O<HF why?

reason :

F is the most electronegative atom than O and N so H-F bond is very weak and readily loose H+ ion from HF so HF is strong acid

2) HF<HCl<HBr<HI why?

reason :

the bond length between H and I is very high so the bond disscoation enrgy for H-I bond is very low compared reamining so HI is strong acid

3) H₃PO₄<H₂SO₄<HClO₄ why?

reason :

central atom electronegativity increases acidity also increases in case of oxoacids.

electronegativity order P < S < Cl

4) HClO<HClO₂<HClO₃<HClO₄ why?

reason :

oxidation state of central atom increases acidity also increases

oxidation state of central atoms in the compounds in HClO4 , Cl oxidation state is + 7 so highest acidic nature

5) CH₃CO₂H<CH₂ClCO₂H<CHCl₂CO₂H<CCl₃CO₂H why?

reason :

number -I groups increases at alpha position of carboxylic acids the acidity also increases

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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