Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

Why right kidney enlarges after left kidney lost?

Why right kidney enlarges after left kidney lost?

Solutions

Expert Solution

The enlargement of right kidney after the left kidney is lost, mostly via nephrectomy is called compensatory hypertrophy. There is enlargement of the kidney nephrons due to increase in size of the epithelial cells. However, there is no change in the number of nephrons in the kidneys. Compensatory hypertrophy is initiated because of loss of the ideal mass of the Kidney tissue. The hypertrophy continues till the right kidney has the weight of both left + right kidney.

The kidneys respond by increasing the DNA content as well as mitotic activity. Synthesis of RNA and DNA occurs after 12 hours in right kidney post loss of the left kidney. This increased DNA and RNA synthesis is responsible for the cellular hypertrophy. Endogenous hormones are involved in the process. Insulin like growth factor 1 signaling has been implicated in the phenomenon. There is cell proliferation of the tubular cells, although number of nephrons does not increase.

Since the other kidney is non-functional or absent, there is increased blood flow (more than 30%) to the other kidney for filtration. The compensatory mechanism is required to increase the glomerular filtration rate. The increased GFR is a result of increased surface area available for filtration. Increased glomerular diameter and volume and increase in volume and diameter of proximal convoluted tubule and collecting duct will increase the filtration and reabsorption capacity of the right kidney. The increased load of protein in blood that needs to be filtered is also one of the reasons for compensatory hypertrophy. Renal hypertrophy is therefore a response initiated to increase the glomerular filtration, reabsorption and secretion capacity of the kidneys. It compensates for the lost functions of the other kidneys so that there is normal electrolyte balance maintained in the body.


Related Solutions

A word that reads the same from left to right and right to left is a...
A word that reads the same from left to right and right to left is a palindrome. For example, "I", "noon" and "racecar" are palindromes. In the following, we consider palindromic integers. Note that the first digit of an integer cannot be 0. How many positive palindromic integers are 5-digit long and contain 7 or 8?
A 28-year-old female is hospitalized after being kicked in the left kidney during a soccer game....
A 28-year-old female is hospitalized after being kicked in the left kidney during a soccer game. She is admitted to the critical care unit for observation. The nurse knows that one of the most important assessments of kidney and fluid status is the patient’s weight. In the critical care unit, weight is monitored __________. a. As needed b. Once per shift c. Daily d. Weekly The patient starts to deteriorate and the practitioner wants to accurately measure the patient’s body...
1. Explain the following. a. Compare the right and left ventricular pressures and right and left...
1. Explain the following. a. Compare the right and left ventricular pressures and right and left ventricular volumes. b. What will happen to cardiac output during exercise? Explain what physiological changes occur that cause this change in cardiac output?
How are the left and right hippocampi different? Why are optogenetics and chemogenetics important for understanding...
How are the left and right hippocampi different? Why are optogenetics and chemogenetics important for understanding the functioning of the nervous system? How might the findings that the left and right hippocampus are different inform studies of human conditions, such as Alzheimer’s Disease?
trace the blood flow from the right kidney to the stomach
trace the blood flow from the right kidney to the stomach
Trace the flow of lymph from the kidney to the right atrium.
Trace the flow of lymph from the kidney to the right atrium.
1.list 4  Manifestations of Right and Left sided Failure and 4 Symptoms of both right and left...
1.list 4  Manifestations of Right and Left sided Failure and 4 Symptoms of both right and left sided failure. 2.Loop Diuretics are given as a drug of choice, i Name the two Diuretics that affect the loop of Henle. ii What is the dosage and route this would be administered? iiiName a contraindication for this medication. 3. List what assessment parameters must be assessed for CHF 4. Differentiate: Right, Left, Chronic Failure and Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).    5. What...
A proton is on the left and an electron is on the right and are separated...
A proton is on the left and an electron is on the right and are separated by 4.0 E-6 m apart. a. Find the magnitude and direction of the force on the proton. b. Find the magnitude and direction of the force on the electron. c. Find the magnitude and direction of the acceleration of the proton. d. Find the magnitude and direction of the acceleration of the electron.
whats shifting right or left in economics?
whats shifting right or left in economics?
A palindromic number reads the same both ways (left-to-right and right-to-left). The largest palindrome made from...
A palindromic number reads the same both ways (left-to-right and right-to-left). The largest palindrome made from the product of two 2-digit numbers is 9,009 = 91 × 99. The largest palindrome made from the product of two 3-digit numbers is 906,609 = 913 × 993. The largest palindrome made from the product of two 4-digit numbers is 99,000,099 = 9,901 × 9,999. 1. Write a function IN JAVASCRIPT to find the largest palindrome made from the product of two 7-digit...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT