Question

Provide roughly a half page summary on each of the following 3 topics:

Cellular junctions

Hallmarks of cancer

Cancer specific genes

Answer 1

1. Cellular Junction- These are the class of the cellular structure which consists multiprotein complexes and provide contact or adhesion between the neighborhood cell or between the cell and the extracellular matrix in animals. They helps to maintain the paracellular barrier of epithelial and control the paracellular transport.

There are four main types of cellular junction are present:-

1. Selectins

2. Cadherins

3. Intergins

4. Immunoglobulin

2. Hallmarks of Cancer- It is the seminal review article which published in the journal cell in January 2000 by the cancer research Douglas Hanahan and Robert Weinberg. These authors believe in the complexity of the cancer can be reduced to a small number by some principles. The hallmarks of cancer mean the ten-anti cancer defense mechanisms that are handwired into our cells. The first hallmark of cancer is defined as "Self Sufficiency in growth signals.

3. Cancer specific Genes- Cancer specific genes form a tumor. There are some tumors which suppresses genes which include BRCA1, BRCA2, and P53 of TP53

BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes increases a women risk of developing hereditary breast or ovarian cancer.