Describe the sinoatrial node (SA node) membrane potential and
action potential. Describe how these would be affected
by: 1) atropine, 2) norepinephrine, and 3) acetylcholine
Draw the action potential that would be occurring at the SA node
in humans. Indicate which ions are permeable, and direction of
movement, during each part of action potential. Which channel is
responsible for the unstable membrane potential?
Describe the steps in a chemical synapse from the arrival of an
action potential at the pre-synaptic membrane to the formation of a
graded potential on the post-synaptic membrane. Include as much
biological detail as you can.
Describe the ionic basis of an action potential and be sure to
include the role of channels/gates within the cell membrane and how
this relates to a positive feedback homeostatic mechanism.
1. Describe the chemical and electrical properties of an action
potential. In your answer, describe the movement of Na+ ions and K+
ions across the cell membrane and the resulting changes in
electrical potential.
2. Compare and contrast EEG and MEG. Highlight their
similarities and differences in your answer.
describe EVERY SINGLE action from the action potential moving
down a motor neuron, to the synapse, and then all the way to
contraction of the skeletal muscle cell.
What are the stages the membrane potential goes through during
an action potential? Describe each stage in terms of the changes in
sodium and potassium ions inside the cell. Name and describe the
two types of refractory periods, and what, if anything would make a
neuron fire during a refractory period.