Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

What is the homeostatic feedback loops for high/low blood volume. Stimulus: Decrease in blood volume Sensor:...

What is the homeostatic feedback loops for high/low blood volume.

Stimulus: Decrease in blood volume

Sensor: ?

Integrator: ?

Effector: ?

Response: ?

Stimulus: Increase in blood volume

Sensor: ?

Integrator: ?

Effector: ?

Response: ?

Solutions

Expert Solution

Decrease in blood volume

Sensor: Blood volume Pulse (BVP) sensor  that measures cardiovascular dynamics by detecting changes in the arterial translucency.

Integrator: cardiovascular centre. It can alter heart rate and stroke volume to increase blood pressure and flow.

Effector: kidney

Response: collapsing vessels, reduced pressure, and subsequently leads to reduced perfusion pressure.

Increase in blood volume

Sensor: blood volume pulse sensor, same as above

Integrator: cardiovascular centre by altering the heart rate and stroke volume to decrease pressure and flow.

Effector:  .heart, blood vessels, and kidneys

Response: An increase in blood volume increases central venous pressure. This increases right atrial pressure, right ventricular end-diastolic pressure and volume.This increase in ventricular preload increases ventricular stroke volume by the Frank-Starling mechanism.


Related Solutions

Describe the functional events in the negative feedback control of low blood volume and low blood...
Describe the functional events in the negative feedback control of low blood volume and low blood pressure by the renin – angiotensin – aldosterone (RAA) system. Include potential causes, and the cascade of enzymes, prohormones and hormones, along with their sources. Describe the structure and basic functions of juxtamedullary nephrons. Describe the oxyhemoglobin saturation curve and how hemoglobin dissociation increases with exercise. How does pH, temperature, the partial pressure of CO2 and 2,3-DPG affect the dissociation curves?  
What is the function of the veins? Is blood under high or low pressure in the...
What is the function of the veins? Is blood under high or low pressure in the veins? What two features of veins allow them to efficiently deliver blood back to the heart? What is anaerobic respiration? When is it needed and how does this relate to oxygen debt?
Why is glucose homeostasis so important? What are symptoms of high/low blood glucose?
Why is glucose homeostasis so important? What are symptoms of high/low blood glucose?
In maintaining homeostasis of body temperature, what role does the hypothalamus play? a. stimulus b. sensor...
In maintaining homeostasis of body temperature, what role does the hypothalamus play? a. stimulus b. sensor c. effector d. response
Explain why a low-priced, low trading volume stock is more apt to present limits to arbitrage than is a high-priced, high trading volume stock
Explain why a low-priced, low trading volume stock is more apt to present limits to arbitrage than is a high-priced, high trading volume stock. Please provide a detailed and informative answer.
What is generally true about overhead allocation to high-volume products versus low-volume products under a traditional...
What is generally true about overhead allocation to high-volume products versus low-volume products under a traditional costing system?
Scottsdale Ltd. manufactures a variety of high-volume and low-volume products to customer demand. Presented is information...
Scottsdale Ltd. manufactures a variety of high-volume and low-volume products to customer demand. Presented is information on 2009 manufacturing overhead and activity cost drivers. Level Total Cost Units of Cost Driver Unit $600,000 20,000 machine hours Batch 200,000 1,000 customer orders Product 400,000 50 products Product X1 required 3,000 machine hours to fill 10 customer orders for a total of 8,000 units. (a) Assuming all manufacturing overhead is estimated and predicted on the basis of machine hours, determine the predicted...
Maetins Ltd. manufactures a variety of high-volume and low-volume products to customer demand. Presented is information...
Maetins Ltd. manufactures a variety of high-volume and low-volume products to customer demand. Presented is information on 2009 manufacturing overhead and activity cost drivers. Level Total Cost Units of Cost Driver Unit $300,000 20,000 machine hours Batch 300,000 1,000 customer orders Product 100,000 50 products Product X1 required 2,000 machine hours to fill 10 customer orders for a total of 8,000 units. (a) Assuming all manufacturing overhead is estimated and predicted on the basis of machine hours, determine the predicted...
How can when high volume is over and low volume is under can impact our business?...
How can when high volume is over and low volume is under can impact our business? Also, ABC focuses on the consumption of the resources for that particular activity, can you present some of these related to a company?
A low white blood cell count, or leukopenia, is a decrease in disease-fighting cells (leukocytes) circulating...
A low white blood cell count, or leukopenia, is a decrease in disease-fighting cells (leukocytes) circulating in your blood. Low white blood cell counts can also indicate the presence of disease. A count lower than 4,000 white blood cells per microliter of blood is generally considered a low white blood cell count. Suppose you are worried about your white blood cell count and have your blood sampled on 10 random days. You use the mean of your samples to test...
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT