Question

Discuss the sympathetic and parasympatheric nervous system? How do they work together and support each other ? please include refrences and citations.

Answer 1

Sympathetic nervous system

Sympathetic nervous system arises thorax and lumbar spinal cord,hence called thoracolumbar outflow.The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for fight or flight response.The neurotransmitter involved is adrenaline, hence called adrenergic system.

Parasympathetic nervous system

Parasympathetic nervous system arises from cranium and sacral segments of spinal cord,hence called craniosacral outflow.It is responsible for the homeostasis of the body and active at rest.Neurotransmiter involved is acetylcholine hence called cholinergic system.

Parasympathetic nervous system calms and relaxes the body whereas sympathetic system stresses the body and makes it more alert.

Sympathetic nervous system increase heart rate, muscle contraction and constrict the pupil.Parasympathetic nervous system decrease the heart rate, relexes muscle and dilates pupil

Sympathetic nervous system constricts external urethral spintcher and do not help in voiding of urine, parasympathetic nervous system relaxes the spintcher and helps in voiding of urine.

Parasympathetic nervous system aids digestion whereas sympathetic nervous system inhibit digestion.