Question

Write a Fraction Class in C++

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Must do;

The class must have 3 types of constructors; default, overloaded with initializer list, copy constructor

You must overload the assignment operator

You must declare the overloaded output operator as a friend rather than part of the class

The Fraction class should implement addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and simplify operations.

Write a main function in a separate file to test each functionality and show that they work.

Answer 1

fraction.h

#ifndef H_FRACTION
#define H_FRACTION

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

//Fraction class
class Fraction
{
   //private members
   private:
//nm for numerator and dm for denominator
int nm, dm;
//public members
public:
   Fraction();
Fraction(int n,int d);
Fraction(const Fraction& fx);
void operator=(Fraction fx);
Fraction operator+(Fraction fx);
Fraction operator-(Fraction fx);
Fraction operator*(Fraction fx);
Fraction operator/(Fraction fx);
void simplify();
       friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const Fraction& ob);
       friend istream& operator>>(istream& is,Fraction& ob);
};

#endif

fraction.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include<math.h>>
#include"fraction.h"
using namespace std;

//default constructor
Fraction::Fraction()
{
   nm = 0;
   dm = 1;
}

//parameterized constructor
Fraction::Fraction(int n, int d)
{
   nm = n;
   dm = d;
}

//copy constructor
Fraction::Fraction(const Fraction& t)
{
nm = t.nm;
dm = t.dm;
}

//= operator overloading
void Fraction::operator=(Fraction fx)
{
nm = fx.nm;
dm = fx.dm;
}

//+ operator overloading
Fraction Fraction::operator+(Fraction fx)
{
   int k, j;

k=fx.dm *dm;
j=fx.nm * dm + fx.dm * nm;
Fraction tx(j,k);
tx.simplify();
return tx;
}

//- operator overloading
Fraction Fraction::operator-(Fraction fx)
{
   int j, k;

k=fx.dm *dm;
j=fx.nm * dm - fx.dm * nm;
Fraction tx(j,k);
tx.simplify();
return tx;
}

//* operator overloading
Fraction Fraction::operator*(Fraction fx)
{
   int j, k;

   j = fx.nm * nm;
   k = fx.dm *dm;
Fraction tx(j,k);
tx.simplify();
return tx;
}

// / operator overloading
Fraction Fraction::operator/(Fraction fx)
{
   int j, k;
  
   j = fx.dm * nm;
   k = fx.nm * dm;
Fraction tx(j,k);
tx.simplify();
return tx;
}

// << operator overloading
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const Fraction& ob)
{
os<<ob.nm<<"/"<<ob.dm<<"\n";
return os;
}

// >> operator overloading
istream& operator>>(istream& is, Fraction& ob)
{
is>>ob.nm>>ob.dm;
return is;
}

//function to simplify the fraction
void Fraction::simplify()
{
   int i, j, k;

   j = abs(nm);
   k = abs(dm);

   //calculate the gcd
   for(i=j; j%i!=0 || k%i!=0; i--);
  
   nm = nm/i;
   dm = dm/i;
  
   if(nm<0 && dm<0 ||dm<0)
   {
       nm = -nm;
       dm = -dm;
   }
}

main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include"fraction.h"

using namespace std;

//main function
int main()
{
   Fraction f1(2,3), f2(1,3), f3, f4;
  
   cout<<"f1 = "<<f1<<endl;
cout<<"f2 = "<<f2<<endl;
  
f3=f1+f2;
cout<<"Result of addition: "<<f3<<endl;
  
f3=f1-f2;
cout<<"Result of subtraction: "<<f3<<endl;
  
f4=f1*f2;
cout<<"Result of multiplication: "<<f4<<endl;
  
   f4=f1/f2;
cout<<"Result of division: "<<f4<<endl;
  
   return 0;
}

Output:

f1 = 2/3

f2 = 1/3

Result of addition: 1/1

Result of subtraction: -1/3

Result of multiplication: 2/9

Result of division: 2/1