Question

1. In terrestrial vertebrates, what is the advantage of having the surfaces for gas exchange embedded deep in lung tissue?

   
   

2. The capillaries that lie in close contact with alveoli are branches of what major blood vessel we have learned?

   
   

3. The confluence (joining together) of these capillaries forms what major blood vessel we have learned?

   
   

4. More than any other organ in the body, the liver is most often damaged by excessive intake of substances such as alcohol, vitamin A, and some prescription drugs. Why would this be?

Answer 1

Answer 1- The advantages of having the surfaces for gas exchange (CO2 and O2) embedded deep in lung tissue is because of the necessity of the moisture for the diffusion of gases across the membrane. If these exchange structures are present close to the surface nit embedded deeply then they dry out.

Answer 2– These are the branches of the pulmonary artery. This carries the deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, where these become oxygenated through the process of respiration.

Answer 3- The confluence of these capillaries formed the pulmonary veins, thus carries the oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart.

Answer 4- The liver is the most affected organ it is because it is involved in detoxification of the toxic substance. Its work is to process all the toxic chemicals, alcohol, drugs and remove the toxic chemicals that are difficult for the kidneys to excrete. Sometimes during this process some byproducts can be produced which can adversely affect the liver back.
Thus that’s why other organs are not affected through this.