Question

Q1: what are the differences between nuclides taht are isotopes, isotones, isobars and isomers? give an example of each?

Q2: Briefly describe how radioisotopes are produced from stable isotopes using a nuclear reactor and a cyclotron and give at least one example of a radioisotope used in nuclear medicine that is produced in each manner along with the nuclear reaction equation for production of each.

Answer 1

Species	Same	Different	Example
Isotopes	(i) Atomic number (Z) (II) No. of protons (iii) No. of electrons (iv) Electronic configuration (v) Chemical properties (vi) position in the periodic table	(i) Mass no. (A) (ii) No. of neutrons (iii) physical properties	and
Isotones	(i) No. of neutrons (ii) Difference between mass number and atomic number (A-Z)	(i) Atomic number (Z) (ii) Mass number (A) (iii) No. of protons (iv) No. of electrons (v) Electronic configuration (vi) Chemical properties (vii) position in the periodic table	and
Isobars	(i) Mass number (ii) Number of nucleons (protons +neutrons)	(i) Atomic number (Z) (ii) No. of protons (iii) No. of electrons (iv) No. of neutrons (v) Electronic configuration (vi) Chemical properties (vii) position in the periodic table	and
Isomers	(i) Atomic number (Z) (ii) Mass number (A) (iii) No. of protons (iv) No. of electrons (v) No. of neutrons (vi) Electronic configuration (vii) Chemical properties (viii) position in the periodic table	(i) Radioactive properties (ii) Half life period (iii) Energy states	and