How does countercurrent multiplication maintain a concentration gradient that increases water reabsorption by the kidneys?

Expert Solution

Answer

Loop of Henle is the part of the nephron that functions as a countercurrent multiplier.

There are two segments of the loop of Henle :

Descending limb
Ascending limb

- The ascending limb of the loop is permeable to solutes but impermeable to water.
- There is active reabsoption of NaCl at this site.
- As a result concentration of interstitial fluid increases.
- Descending limb of the loop is permeable to water but impermeable to the solutes. As the interstitial fluid is more concentrated, water flows into the interstitium (reabsorption) at the descending limb.
- The filtrate gets more and more concentrated as it moves down to the bending end of the loop.
- When concentrated filtrate moves upwards, in ascending limb, NaCl follows their concentration gradient and leaves the tubule lumen.

This is the countercurrent multiplication.

The repeated events of reabsorption of water and NaCl in the loop of Henle, works as a positive feedback mechansim that promotes water reabsorption by the kidneys.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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Question

How does countercurrent multiplication maintain a concentration gradient that increases water reabsorption by the kidneys?

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Expert Solution

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