Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

5. Describe the parts of a nephron that form and modify filtrate, in order, until it...

5. Describe the parts of a nephron that form and modify filtrate, in order, until it officially becomes urine. Include kidney location, tissue type, and function in urine formation for each part.

6. Name the male and female gonads. Describe one anatomical/structural similarity and one functional similarity between the male and female gonads. Comment on the reason these organs are similar.

Solutions

Expert Solution

Urine Formation:

Following is the process:

>>The Glomerulus Filters Water and other substances from the Bloodstream:

Each kidney contains over 1 million tiny structures called nephrons. Each nephron has a glomerulus, the site of blood filtration. The glomerulus is a network of capillaries surrounded by a cuplike structure, the glomerular capsule (or Bowman’s capsule). As blood flows through the glomerulus, blood pressure pushes water and solutes from the capillaries into the capsule through a filtration membrane. This glomerular filtration begins the urine formation process.

>>The Filtration Membrane Keeps Blood Cells and Large Proteins in the Bloodstream:

Inside the glomerulus, blood pressure pushes fluid from capillaries into the glomerular capsule through a specialized layer of cells. This layer, the filtration membrane, allows water and small solutes to pass but blocks blood cells and large proteins. Those components remain in the bloodstream. The filtrate (the fluid that has passed through the membrane) flows from the glomerular capsule further into the nephron.

>>Reabsorption:

The glomerulus filters water and small solutes out of the bloodstream. The resulting filtrate contains waste, but also other substances the body needs: essential ions, glucose, amino acids, and smaller proteins. When the filtrate exits the glomerulus, it flows into a duct in the nephron called the renal tubule. As it moves, the needed substances and some water are reabsorbed through the tube wall into adjacent capillaries. This reabsorption of vital nutrients from the filtrate is the second step in urine creation.

>>Waste Ions are secreted from the Blood Complete the Formation of Urine:

The filtrate absorbed in the glomerulus flows through the renal tubule, where nutrients and water are reabsorbed into capillaries. At the same time, waste ions and hydrogen ions pass from the capillaries into the renal tubule. This process is called secretion. The secreted ions combine with the remaining filtrate and become urine. The urine flows out of the nephron tubule into a collecting duct. It passes out of the kidney through the renal pelvis, into the ureter, and down to the bladder.

Male and Female Gonads:

Gonad, are primary reproductive organs that produce reproductive cells (gametes).

In males the gonads are called testes; the gonads in females are called ovaries.


Related Solutions

Describe how the kidneys convert filtrate in the nephron into dilute or concentrated urine by tubular...
Describe how the kidneys convert filtrate in the nephron into dilute or concentrated urine by tubular reabsorption and tubular secretion (include the importance of the nephron loop and the hormonal regulation of urine concentration). please describe in essay form
Describe the order of blood flow through the nephron in order and explain each step of...
Describe the order of blood flow through the nephron in order and explain each step of the pathway- afferent arteriole, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries, vasa recta
Discuss the action of nephrons in the urinary system. Describe the different parts of the nephron...
Discuss the action of nephrons in the urinary system. Describe the different parts of the nephron and what happens in them?
a) outline the flow of filtrate through the nephron. b) outline the flow of blood through...
a) outline the flow of filtrate through the nephron. b) outline the flow of blood through the nephron. c) describe the properties of the ultrafiltrate of plasma
1. Identify the direction of movement of materials between blood (capillaries) and filtrate (nephron) in the...
1. Identify the direction of movement of materials between blood (capillaries) and filtrate (nephron) in the 3 processes of urine production: filtration, reabsorption and secretion. 2. what substances do not filter into the glomerular capsule during glomerular filtration and explain why. 3. Define GFR and explain how thr diameter of the afferent arteriole and efferent arteriole can influence urine production. 4. define cystitis vs pyelonephritis. name signs and symptoms of both.
What are the parts of the nephron and what are the functions in each section?
What are the parts of the nephron and what are the functions in each section?
Describe how filtrate is formed and what substances normally end up in filtrate (and what substances...
Describe how filtrate is formed and what substances normally end up in filtrate (and what substances do not). This should include a description of the anatomy and physiology of the glomerus and the glomerular capsule and how they interact with each other.
Describe how filtrate is formed and what substances normally end up in filtrate (and what substances...
Describe how filtrate is formed and what substances normally end up in filtrate (and what substances do not). This should include a description of the anatomy and physiology of the glomerus and the glomerular capsule and how they interact with each other.
Topic 11: Nephron physiology Describe in detail the physical of all components of the nephron Glomerular...
Topic 11: Nephron physiology Describe in detail the physical of all components of the nephron Glomerular capsule Proximal convoluted tubule Loop of Henle Distal convoluted tubule Collecting duct In your discretion be sure to include the various permeability and movements of the following Water Potassium Sodium Glucose Hydrogen ions Also, include How the vertical osmotic gradient is established and why this is significant The role of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) vasopressin and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in urine formation.
describe filtrate formation from Bowman's capsule to excretion.
describe filtrate formation from Bowman's capsule to excretion.
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT