Question

As we continue to expand our understanding of cognitive psychology it is important to evaluate current research.

For this assignment you will provide a detailed description for each topic.

Topics

• Memory models and processes including knowledge representation and organization
• Language acquisition and contextual influences

Answer 1

The Atkinson–Shiffrin model is a model of memory proposed in 1968 by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin. The most accepted theory in psychology for how memory works is called the two-store model of memory, which was developed by them. This model states that we have three basic types of memory, and those are called the sensory register where sensory information enters memory, then short-term memory which receives and holds input from both the sensory register and the long-term store where information which has been rehearsed in the short-term store is held indefinitely.

The process of storing and retrieving information depends heavily on the representation and organization of the information further it can be can also be influenced by how the information is structured. For example, a bus schedule can be represented in the form of a map or as a timetable. On the one hand, a timetable provides quick and easy access to the departure and arrival time for each bus, but does little for finding where a particular stop is situated. On the other hand, a map provides a detailed picture of each bus stop's location, but cannot efficiently communicate bus schedules. Both forms of representation are useful, but it is important to select the representation most appropriate for the task at hand. Similarly, knowledge acquisition can be improved by considering the purpose and function of the desired information.

Models such as rule-based production models, distributed networks, and propositional models. However, these theories are all fundamentally based on the concept of semantic networks. A semantic network is a method of representing knowledge as a system of connections between concepts in memory.

Language acquisition is the referred as the process by which we acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language that is gain the ability to be aware of language and to understand it, as well as to speak or produce and use words and sentences to communicate.

Contextual influences is defined by another way of saying factors that play a role in making a decision or in other terms which influence in decision making. In executive compensation packages or bonuses, contextual influences include prevailing wage practices within the specific industry in question and within a specific geographic locale, different regions of the country.