Question

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1. See the SPSS output below. An independent t test was run to examine respondents’ attitude towards gun ownership and their attitudes towards immigration. Two variables were used to run the test: Would you favor or oppose a law which would require a person to obtain a police permit before he or she could buy a gun? (gunlaw) and number of immigrants to American nowadays should be (letin1). 1) What can you conclude based on α = .05? 2) And what would you conclude if we switch to α = .10? What does that mean? Use the examples posted on CANVAS.

Group Statistics
	FAVOR OR OPPOSE GUN PERMITS	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error Mean
NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS TO AMERICA NOWADAYS SHOULD BE	FAVOR	335	3.40	1.076	.059
	OPPOSE	118	3.58	1.193	.110

Independent Samples Test
		Levene's Test for Equality of Variances		t-test for Equality of Means
		F	Sig.	t	df	Sig. (2-tailed)	Mean Difference	Std. Error Difference	95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
									Lower	Upper
NUMBER OF IMMIGRANTS TO AMERICA NOWADAYS SHOULD BE	Equal variances assumed	3.157	.076	-1.558	451	.120	-.185	.119	-.418	.048
	Equal variances not assumed			-1.483	188.127	.140	-.185	.125	-.431	.061

Answer 1

A) First, let's take a look at the Levene's test of equality of variances.

Ho: Variances are equal

p-value = 0.076

Hence, as the p-value > 0.05, we cannot reject Ho. We can assume that the variances are equal.

Assuming equal variances, the results are:

t = -1.558
df = 451
p-value = 0.120

As the p-value > 0.05, we cannot reject Ho. Hence, we can say that there is no significant difference in the respondents' attitude towards gun ownership and their attitudes toward immigration.

B) If the significance level was 0.10:

From levene's test, Ho can be rejected and we will assume unequal variances. From the results,

t = -1.483
df = 188.127
p-value = 0.14

Hence, as the p-value > 0.14, we can reject Ho. We can say that there is no significant difference in the respondents' attitude towards gun ownership and their attitudes toward immigration.