Question

1.For Marx, how many classes are there? What are they called?

2.What did Hobbes describe as “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short”? Why is it this way?

Answer 1

• ANSWER-According to Marx,there are two social classes,called bourgeoisie,who are the capitalists owning the means of production,like factories,business and equipments to produce wealth,and the proletariat or the working class who sell their own labour to the capitalists.
• The capitalists or bourgeoisie have the power to exploit the working class or proletariats.The owners tend to pay for their food and accomodation and the workers who do not understand this exploitation tend to have a false consciousness that they are well off and been taken care off,as they think they can count on their owners.
• ANSWER-According to Hobbes,existence in the state of nature is “solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.”The state of nature is considered to be a war of every individual against another individual,it is a constant and violent condition of competition in which each person has a natural right to everything,regardless of the interests of other people.
• According to Hobbes ,if the society broke down and we had to live in state of nature without any laws,making acts like stealing and murder common,for survival.In a world with scarce resources,when we would be struggling for food and water,it could actually become rational to steal and kill others,before someone kills you,which is life outside society would be solitary,nasty and poor