In: Accounting
Landers Company manufactures a number of products. The standards relating to one of these products are shown below, along with actual cost data for May. |
Standard Cost per Unit | Actual Cost per Unit | |||||
Direct materials: | ||||||
Standard: 1.40 feet at $3.00 per foot | $ | 4.20 | ||||
Actual: 1.35 feet at $3.20 per foot | $ | 4.32 | ||||
Direct labor: | ||||||
Standard: 1.00 hours at $17.00 per hour | 17.00 | |||||
Actual: 1.05 hours at $16.40 per hour | 17.22 | |||||
Variable overhead: | ||||||
Standard: 1.00 hours at $3.00 per hour | 3.00 | |||||
Actual: 1.05 hours at $2.60 per hour | 2.73 | |||||
Total cost per unit | $ | 24.20 | $ | 24.27 | ||
Excess of actual cost over standard cost per unit | $ | 0.07 | ||||
The production superintendent was pleased when he saw this report and commented: "This $0.07 excess cost is well within the 1 percent limit management has set for acceptable variances. It's obvious that there's not much to worry about with this product." |
Actual production for the month was 15,000 units. Variable overhead cost is assigned to products on the basis of direct labour-hours. There were no beginning or ending inventories of materials. |
Required: |
1. | Compute the following variances for May: |
a. |
Materials quantity and price variances. (Input all amounts as positive values. Leave no cells blank - be certain to enter "0" wherever required. Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance.) |
b. |
Labour efficiency and rate variances. (Input all amounts as positive values. Leave no cells blank - be certain to enter "0" wherever required. Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance.) |
c. |
Variable overhead efficiency and rate variances. (Input all amounts as positive values. Leave no cells blank - be certain to enter "0" wherever required. Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance.) |
2. |
How much of the $0.07 excess unit cost is traceable to each of the variances computed in (1) above. (Input all amounts as positive values. Leave no cells blank - be certain to enter "0" wherever required. Round your answers to 2 decimal places. Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance.) |
3. |
How much of the $0.07 excess unit cost is traceable to apparent inefficient use of labour time? (Input all amounts as positive values. Leave no cells blank - be certain to enter "0" wherever required. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your final answers to 2 decimal places. Indicate the effect of each variance by selecting "F" for favorable, "U" for unfavorable, and "None" for no effect (i.e., zero variance.) |
Material Price Variance = (Standard Price – Actual Price)*Actual Quantity
= (3-3.2)*15000*1.35
= $4,050 U
Material Quantity Variance = (Standard Quantity – Actual Quantity)*Standard Price
= (1.40-1.35)*15,000*3
= $2,250 F
b.Labor Rate variance = (Standard Rate – Actual Rate)*Actual Hours
= (17-16.40)*1.05*15000
= $9,450 F
Efficiency = (Standard Hours – Actual Hours)*Standard Rate
= (1-1.05)*15,000*17
= $12,750 U
c.Variable overhead Rate Variance = (Standard Rate – Actual Rate)*Actual Hours
=(3-2.60)*15,000*1.05
= $6,300 F
Efficiency = (1-1.05)*15000*3
= $2250 U
2. Quantity = $0.15 F
Direct Material Price = $0.27 U
Total = 0.12 U
Efficiency = 0.85 U
Labor Rate = 0.63 F
Total = 0.22 U
Efficiency= 0.15 U
Variable overhead Rate = 0.42 F
Total = 0.27 F
Excess of actual over standard per unit = 0.07 U
3.
Excess of actual over standard = 0.07
portion due to inefficiency
Labor efficiency variance = 0.85 U
Variable overhead efficiency variance = 0.15 U
Total = 1 U
Portion due to other variances = 0.93 F