Question

51) The renal clearance of this byproduct of amino acid catabolism is used as a rough measure the glomerular filtration rate.

uric acid

azotemia

cretine

ammonia

urea

52.) The actions of the kidney include regulation of

blood plasma pH

All of the choices are correct

blood plasma volume

blood plasma electrolyte concentration

blood pressure

53) Which structures are primarily responsible for maintaining the salinity gradient of the renal medulla?

collecting ducts

cortical nephrons

distal convoluted tubules

proximal convoluted tubules

juxtamedullary nephrons

54) The____ is a ball of capillaries that lies between an afferent arteriole and an efferent arteriole.

minor calyx

juxtaglomerular apparatus

glomerulus

renal corpuscle

peritubular capillary

55.) In a healthy kidney,___ should not pass through the glomerlular filtration membrane into the proximal renal tubules.

amino acids

electrolytes

proteins

vitamins

glucose

Answer 1

51. Creatine is a byproduct of amino acid. Creatine clearance is most commonly used method to find the estimation of GFR. It can be done by checking the creatine level bin blood and that in urine.

52. All the choices are correct.

Kidney control the blood level by the secretion of enough fluid in urine. PH is maintained by the secretion of H+ ions or Bicarbonate. Blood pressure is controlled by the fluid balance. Electrolyte concentration is maintained in the kidney tubules.

53. Juxtamedullary nephrons.

They are responsible for osmotic gradient in medulla. It has long nephron loop extends deep into medulla.

54. Glomerulus.

They are seen inside the Bowman's capsule. They are seen like a ball enclosed in the cup shaped Bowman's capsule.

55. Proteins.

They are large molecules and hence they are not filtered by the glomerular filtration membrane. If it pass through the membrane it shows the damage of nephrons.