.1. Where are most graded potentials produced in a neuron? a. In dendrites only b. In...

.1. Where are most graded potentials produced in a neuron?

a. In dendrites only

b. In both the dendrites and cell body

c. In axon terminals only

d. In both dendrites and axon terminals

2. During an action potential in a neuron, all voltage-gated sodium ion channels close

a. At the end of phase 1.

b. At the end of phase 2.

c. At the end of phase 3.

d. In the middle of phase 3.

Solutions

Expert Solution

1. Graded potentials are changes in the membrane potential occuribg due to opening of ligand gated ion channels. These graded potentials usually occur in the dendrite and cell bodies of the neuron. Answer : b. In both the dendrites and cell body

2. An action potential is generated due to flow of ions into and out of the cell through voltage gated ion channels.
Action potential generation consists of 5 phases:

phase 0 : depolarisation

During this phase the sodium rapidly enters the cell through voltage gated sodium channels reversing the polarity of cell membrane.
Phase 1 : during this phase rapid entry of sodium into the cell causes more positive charge inside the cell resulting in reversal of polarity. This causes sodium channels to shut

phase 3: plateau phase

during this phase the shuting down of sodium channel causes the opening of potassium channels leading to potassium moving out of the cell. Calcium moves into the cell.
phase 4 : resting potential.
So we have seen that sodium channel closes at the end of phase 1.
Answer : a. At the end of phase 1.

Sydney Mullin answered 10 months ago

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