Question

Compare between off grid , on grid and Hybrid Inverter , with respect to components , connection to system , efficiency , applications and main suppliers

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Answer 1

Comparison between off grid, on grid and Hybrid Inverter

	On-Grid System	Off-Grid System	Hybrid Inverter System
Components	Solar Module Solar Array Mounting Racks Use common solar inverters Switch board On-grid systems can be installed with or without net metering (Meter box). Electricity grid These systems do not need batteries	Solar Module Solar inverters Battery Inverter Switch board Battery Bank charge controller	Solar Module solar inverters Switch board Meter box Battery Bank Electricity grid
Connection to the system	See the photograph On-grid solar power systems generate power using a solar power system and are directly connected to the utility power grid. These systems send excess power generated by the solar power system to the utility grid and consumers get compensated for the extra power fed back.	See the photograph Off-grid systems work independently of the grid but have batteries which can store the solar power generated by the system. Theses do not rely on the grid.	See the photograph A hybrid solar system is grid-tied with battery storage. They come with a special ‘smart’ inverter that can transmit direct current (DC) power to and from your batteries, and channel alternating current (AC) power between the grid and your home when necessary.
Efficiency	Moderate Being grid-tied include Access to backup power from the utility grid. As a result, the efficiency of our electrical system as a whole goes up.	Low Batteries are complicated, expensive and decrease overall system efficiency. store energy for 2 or more days (depending on battery capacity)	High supply energy for 5 to 10 hours depending on the application
Cost	Low	Moderate to high	Moderate
Grid connection	Yes	No	Yes
Battery Backup	No	Yes	Yes
Applications	On-grid solar systems are very cost-effective and easy to install. Residential users and business owners can earn a passive income for the surplus energy generated by the system.	Electricity supply in rural and remote areas: These systems are self-sustaining and can provide power for critical loads in areas where a power grid is not available. Power back up in areas with frequent electricity cuts. That means, grid failures and shutdowns will not affect your power supply.	It reduces the power consumption from the grid. It also enables energy independence. They can provide backup power during a blackout. In this power available during a blackout or grid outage like a UPS function.
Limitation	No backup power in an outage	Limited to the electricity generated by the sun
Main Suppliers	Department of Energy and power sector (funded by Government)

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