If a cell has less concentration of solutes inside than outside, it is in a(n) ___________...

If a cell has less concentration of solutes inside than outside, it is in a(n) ___________ environment.

		Hypertonic
		Isotonic
		Hypotonic
		Mesotonic

Expert Solution

ans:Hypotonic

A hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of solutes than another solution. In biology, a solution outside of a cell is called hypotonic if it has a lower concentration of solutes relative to the cytosol. Due to osmotic pressure, water diffuses into the cell, and the cell often appears turgid, or bloated. For cells without a cell wall such as animal cells, if the gradient is large enough, the uptake of excess water can produce enough pressure to induce cytolysis, or rupturing of the cell. When plant cells are in a hypotonic solution, the central vacuole takes on extra water and pushes the cell membrane against the cell wall.

If the extracellular fluid has lower osmolarity than the fluid inside the cell, it’s said to be hypotonic—hypo means less than—to the cell, and the net flow of water will be into the cell.

The ability of an extracellular solution to make water move into or out of a cell by osmosis is know as its tonicity. Three terms—hypotonic, isotonic, and hypertonic—are used to compare the osmolarity of a cell to the osmolarity of the extracellular fluid around it.

In the reverse case, if the extracellular fluid has a higher osmolarity than the cell’s cytoplasm, it’s said to be hypertonic—hyper means greater than—to the cell, and water will move out of the cell to the region of higher solute concentration

In an isotonic solution—iso means the same—the extracellular fluid has the same osmolarity as the cell, and there will be no net movement of water into or out of the cell.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

The concentration of CO2 is lower inside a plant cell than in the atmosphere (outside the...

The concentration of CO2 is lower inside a plant cell than in the atmosphere (outside the cell). In your own words, describe how the CO2 levels are kept low inside the plant cell and explain why this is necessary. Assume the outer surface of the leaves of this plant have a waxy layer.

Animal cells generally have a higher concentration of Na+ outside of the cell than inside the...

Animal cells generally have a higher concentration of Na+ outside of the cell than inside the cell and a membrane potential around -70 mV. When an Na+ moves into an animal cell, how does that movement impact the membrane potential? How does that movement impact the Na+ concentration gradient? Explain what an equilibrium potential for an ion is, what the resting membrane potential is, and how they are different.

The K+ concentration inside a nerve cell is found to be 20x higher outside the cell...

The K+ concentration inside a nerve cell is found to be 20x higher outside the cell than inside the cell, while the Na+ concentration is 20x higher inside versus outside. A. If the membrane potential Em (Ein-Eout) is -77.6 mV, identify the ion that must be transported actively versus the ion that is near equilibrium (assuming ideal conditions). B. The NA+ -K+ -ATPase (or sodium-potassium pump), moves three sodium ions from inside to outside, and two potassium ions from outside...

Cells require a constant exchange of solutes (ions and small molecules) with the outside of the cell.

Cells require a constant exchange of solutes (ions and small molecules) with the outside of the cell. Many of these solutes undergo passive transport across the membrane. Passive transport occurs without the input of cellular energy. Some solutes are transported into the cell while others are transported out of the cell. Part A - Diffusion All molecules have energy that causes thermal motion. One result of thermal motion is diffusion: the tendency of substances to spread out evenly in the...

A cell has a concentration of non-permeable solutes of 310 mOsmoles/liter. Molecular weights are : NaCl...

A cell has a concentration of non-permeable solutes of 310 mOsmoles/liter. Molecular weights are : NaCl = 58, Glucose= 180, Urea=60. Cell membranes are not permeable to NaCl and glucose, but are permeable to urea. 1. what % solution of glucose is isotonic, and what % solution of urea would be isosomotic with the isotonic glucose solution?

If the outside of a cell has a potassium concentration of 12 mM what must be...

If the outside of a cell has a potassium concentration of 12 mM what must be the inside concentration of potassium for the condition of no net flux of potassium across the membrane at Vm = - 75 mV

If the concentration of chloride is 10mM outside a neuron and 100mM inside the neuron, at...

If the concentration of chloride is 10mM outside a neuron and 100mM inside the neuron, at what voltage will there be no net movement of chloride through open chloride channels? 123 mV -32 mV 61.5 mV -61.5 mV

Part #1: Imagine a red blood cell with a low concentration (~0.9%) of solutes dissolved in...

Part #1: Imagine a red blood cell with a low concentration (~0.9%) of solutes dissolved in the water in the cell. The cell membrane acts as a semi-permeable membrane. If this cell is placed in brine (a highly concentrated solution of sodium chloride) which describes what will occur? A Nothing will occur B Sodium chloride will flow from the cell into the brine C Water will flow from the brine into the cell D Sodium chloride will flow from the...

1. When a cell is respiring, carbon dioxide is in ________ concentration inside the cell, causing...

1. When a cell is respiring, carbon dioxide is in ________ concentration inside the cell, causing it to diffuse out, whereas ________ is in high concentration outside the cell, causing it to diffuse in. 2.which of the following contains the most oxygen? blood entering the alveoli, blood entering the left atrium, blood leaving the right ventricle, blood leaving the tissue. 3.What effect does smoking have on the movement of mucus in the respiratory tract? 4.Frogs use their skin as a...

Make the assumption that a cell has a 10% salt concentration inside its cytoplasm. What factors...

Make the assumption that a cell has a 10% salt concentration inside its cytoplasm. What factors do you think would influence the rate of diffusion?

Question