Question

Create your patient. Include the following: (10 pts) This part is for instructor use only and can be separate from the tool.

Write a scenario for your patient. What happened to make them seek medical attention?

Patient’s age, sex, race, primary and/or secondary language spoken

Learning barriers – must identify at least 2, explain how you will overcome the barriers

Medical diagnoses – must identify at least 2, they can be acute and/or chronic

Choose four medications, two for each medical diagnosis.

One of the medications needs to be a subcutaneous or intramuscular injection that the patient will be taking at home.

The medications need to represent four different medication classifications. Do not use OTC medications.

TEACHING TOOL (60 pts, 15 pts for each medication) must include:

Name of drug – list generic name and one trade name

Medication classifications – i.e. therapeutic, chemical, functional classification

Action, indication for this patient, common and life-threatening side effects, diet/lifestyle modifications, when to call the physician, administration information, patient teaching (must not be a repeat of previously noted information)

Remember, this is for the patient. Put the information in your own words and avoid medical language when possible.

Refer to the rubric for more detail.

Subcutaneous OR intramuscular injection: (15 pts)

Create a step-by-step tool the patient can use for self-administration of an injection.

This instructional piece must be incorporated into your overall project.

Refer to the rubric for more detail.

Overall Grading: (15 pts)

Grammar/spelling – 2 pts

Design – 4 pts

Easy for patient to understand/appropriate for audience – 4 pts

Use of multiple teaching modalities, i.e. pictures, words, checklists, etc. – 4 pts

List a minimum of 2 professional references - 1 pts

Rubric

Pharmacology Final Project

Pharmacology Final Project

Criteria

Answer 1

Patient:

• Age: 70 year old
• Sex: Male
• Race: Asian- Indian
• Primary Language: Konkani, Secondary Language: Marathi
• Learning Barriers: unable to hear properly, and can't understand any other language and no family members to translate. Overcome by using a translator and by writing all the instructions in patient's preferred language.
• Diagnosis: Acute: Multidrug resistant polymicrobial lobar pneumonia superimposed over influenza, Chronic: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type II
• Pneumonia: IV ceftriaxone, and IV Gentamicin while in hospital. DM: gluburide, short acting regular insulin subcutaneously.

1. CEFIXIME (Oral): Generic Name---> cefixime, Trade name----> Suprax

• Classification: Cephalosporin
• Action: inhibits bacterial synthesis
• Adverse Effects: Common----> hypersensitivity (rash like reaction), Anemia (decreased Hemoglobin), vitamin K deficiency, diarrhea. Life Threatening-----> kidney damage when used along with aminoglycosides.
• Lifestyle changes: drug should be taken after eating lunch and dinner
• Call Physician: if you notice patient experiences any side effects
• Administration: take one tablet my mouth after lunch or dinner
• Patient teaching: tell your doctor if you ever had allergies to any medications before, also if you have any other conditions like kidney problems, consume alcohol.

2. Azithromycin (oral): Generic name----> Azithromycin, Trade name----> Zithromax

• Classification: Macrolide
• Action: inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria
• Adverse Effects: Common---> GI tract motility problems, rash. Life Threatnening----> Hepatitis (inflammation of liver), Arrythmia of Heart (QT segment prolongation).
• Lifestyle changes: drug should be taken after eating lunch and dinner.
• Call Physician: if patient experiences any side effects
• Administration: take one tablet my mouth after lunch or dinner
• Patient Teaching: tell your doctor if you ever had allergies to any related drugs, jaundice, any heart problems, or taking medications that prevent your blood from clotting, consume alcohol.

3. Glyburide: Generic Name----> Glyburide, Trade Name----> DiaBeta

• Classification: Sulfonylurea
• Action: increases insulin release
• Adverse Eeffects: Common----> rapid heartbeat, dizziness, hypoglycemia (decreased glucose in the body), rash. Life Threatening----> swelling of face and throat, pale colored stools, bruising/bleeding,
• Lifestyle changes: should be taken with meals
• Call Physician: if patient experiences any side effects
• Administration: should be taken by mouth with the first meal of the day
• Patient teaching: tell your doctor if you ever had any allergies to any drugs, if your taking any other drugs, if you are scheduled for a surgery, or consume alcohol.

4. Subcutaneous Regular Insulin: No Generic Form. Trade Name---> Humulin R

• Classification: Human Insulin
• Action: acts like insulin produced my human body
• Adverse Eeffects: Common---> weight gain, hypoglycemia, swelling/redness at injection site. Life Threatening----> low blood potassium, heart failure
• Lifestyle Changes: should be taken before meals.
• Call physician: if patient has any serious side effects, or if hyperglycemia isn't controlled, or if changing eating habits.
• Administration: drug should be injected into skin before eating. Best if used at the same of time of day everyday.
• Patient Teaching: tell your doctor if you are scheduled for surgery, or started new drugs possibly new diabetes drugs, hypertension drugs, depression drugs.
  

SELF ADMINISTRATION OF SUBCUTANEOUS INSULIN:

1. Regular insulin should be taken before meals at the same time everyday
2. Inject the insulin into the carefully.
3. Insulin can be administered on: arms, thighs, abdomen, and buttocks.
4. Select a location to be administered. Pinch the skin and put the needle at 45 degrees.
5. Push the needle completely into skin and inject the insulin slowly.
6. Leave the syringe for 5 seconds after injection.
7. Pull the needle out at the same angle it was administered.
8. Store the needle and syringe in a safe container.