In: Economics
would like a summary for this text below as the content is related to discrimination in the housing market.please you can write the a summary and typing and not write by hand,so that I can read and understand your answer clearly.BR.
1-In the field of discrimination, a number of different variants
of surveys have been carried out. One study that we have been
inspired by is Barto's study, In the first experiment we study
ethnic discrimination in the rental market in the Czech Republic, a
market with low selectivity. The study shows the tendency of
different forms of discrimination in a group of everyday different
markets, including the housing market. Such field trials had often,
up to this point, used a personal approach where two testers, one
from a majority group and one from a minority group, where they
were matched based on their socio-economic characteristics and
trained to act the same when interacting with housing. The
empirical part as related to previous study, which uses minorities
sounding names in applications, to estimate discrimination in the
labor market (Jowell and Prescott-Clarke 1970, Bertrand and
Mullainathan 2004) and the rental housing market (Ahmed and
Hammarstedt 2008, Bosch, et al. 2010, Hanson and Hawley 2011). They
consistently find that minority-sounding names lead to lower
invitations to a job interview or apartment showing.
In the study Political science as the missing link in housing
studies (2009), Bo Bengtsson highlights the difficulties of finding
previously carried out research projects on housing policy. Only
five research reports are found that describe the housing situation
- a vanishingly small part of the total number of published
articles. Bengtsson presents five hypotheses about possible
explanations and preconceived notions that have influenced housing
policy research and believes that all explanations have
shortcomings and can therefore be questioned. Among other things,
he examines the claim that the state has withdrawn as a player in
housing issues and notes that housing, on the contrary, is still a
current topic in the public debate, even among politicians.
Bengtsson's major contribution to research consists of the fact
that he clearly shows what political science as an academic
discipline can bring to this area of research.
An ethnic hierarchy can also be seen with regard to the segregation
that exists in Sweden. A person's labor market situation explains
part of the segregation, but since some groups of immigrants have a
worse housing situation despite a better work situation, it is
reasonable to conclude that the surrounding society's view of a
person's physical character and culture affects their housing
opportunities.
The paragraph focuses on different kind of discriminations based carried out by different number of surveys and few published articles.
In Barto's study , The discrimination mentioned is ethnic discrimination in the rental or housing market in Czech republic where a person is judged on his/her culture and ethnicity when they approach for renting renting a house.
There's also labour market discrimination, based on the study of Jowel and prestol Clark 1970 and Bertrand and Mulainathan 2004 gives us a view of this discrimination. The study suggests that minority sounding leads to fewer job opportunities and housing rental showing invitations becasue of tbe ethnicity and culture attached to the minority's name and hence the segreagation and classification of them.
However, Bengsstons research points out various shortcoming in the limited published articles on housing , he also contributed extensively in the detailed study of inclusion of political science and carrying out research on the topic.
Furthermore, the segreation is dependent on the ethnicity and culture in Sweden for example. Where a discrimination is seen to them in the labor market but eventhough they have equal working situation, they are still having deteriorating housing conditions.
Which led to the conclusion that the surrounding society's view of a person's culture and prevailing community have a huge impact on their housing opportunities.