Concerning attenuation reflex in ear which of the following is correct a. Protect cochlea from excessive...

Concerning attenuation reflex in ear which of the following is correct

a. Protect cochlea from excessive load sound

b. Mask low frequency sounds

c. Decrease hearing of own sound

d. All the above.

Expert Solution

Answer: (d)-All of the above is correct.

Explanation-

The acoustic reflex (also known as the stapedius reflex, stapedial reflex, auditory reflex, middle-ear-muscle reflex (MEM reflex, MEMR), attenuation reflex, cochleostapedial reflex or intra-aural reflex) is an involuntary muscle contraction that occurs in the middle ear in response to loud sound stimuli or when the person starts to vocalize.

When presented with an intense sound stimulus, the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles of the ossicles contract.The stapedius stiffens the ossicular chain by pulling the stapes (stirrup) of the middle ear away from the oval window of the cochlea and the tensor tympani muscle stiffens the ossicular chain by loading the tympanic membrane when it pulls the malleus (hammer) in toward the middle ear. The reflex decreases the transmission of vibrational energy to the cochlea, where it is converted into electrical impulses to be processed by the brain.

The protection of the organ of Corti, provided by the acoustic reflex against excessive stimulation (especially that of the lower frequencies) has been demonstrated both in humans and animals. But this protection effect is limited.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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