In: Chemistry
1. Solutions are comprised of a solute and a solvent. Explain what makes a solution different than the generalized term “mixture.” What is meant by solute and solvent? Give three different examples of a solute and solvent coming together to form a solution. Do not use salt water as an example, and provide at least one non-aqueous solution.
Explain what is meant by an electrolyte, and how one can tell if a
material would be a strong, weak, or non-electrolyte. Are acids and
bases electrolytes? If so, are they a strong or a weak electrolyte
– or does it depend on the acid/base?
2. Solubility rules are generally defined for us in tables. Please re-summarize the tables provided in the text (or from an online source if you do not have the textbook). What happens when you mix compounds in solution and they form a compound that is insoluble? Is there a general name for this type of chemical reaction?
Instead of writing out molecular equations – sometimes we are able to write a reaction of interest out in terms of just the ions that participate in the reaction. Write out the net ionic equation for the reaction of Lead (II) Nitrate and Potassium Chloride.
Sloution consist of a solute and a solvent.i.e solute is dissoved in solvent and becomes a solution.But in the case of mixture,it cant always form a solution.because two solids or one solid and a liquid or a two liquids may some times be a mixture.so there is no probability of dissolution.But in the case of solution solvent must be a liquid and solute should be a solid.
Solution in which water is used as a solvent is called aqeous solution . Where as solution contain other than water solent ara called non-aqeous solutions.
Eg. For non aqeous solution are,
1.solution of sulphur in carbon disulphide
2 solution of iodin in CCl4
3 solution of iodine in alcohol
Similarly eg.for aqeou solution involves sugar solution,salt water etc.
Aqeous solution that conduct electricity ara called strong electrolyte where as those conduct electrucity poorely are known as weak electrolytes.ie
Strong electrolytes are completely ionaised in water where as weak electrolytes are slightly ionaised.Electrolytes can be divided into Acids,bases and salt.i.e srong acids and bases belongs to strong electrolyte where as weak belongs to weak electrolytes.
Eqn for the reaction of lead nitrate and potassium chloride
Pb(NO3)2+2KCl ----------------> Pbcl2+2KNO3