Question

A national organization which promotes good local government management (ICMA) is interested in factors which may predict if a local government has actual ‘e-government’ transactions on their website. One of these is whether the local government is city manager or mayor/council.

	Has Transactions	No Transactions
Mayor/Council	16	10
City Manager/Council	10	18
Commission	11	15

a)Provide null and alternative hypothesis in formal terms and layperson’s terms for the chi-square two sample test. Remember to apply Yates if necessary.

b Do math and reject/accept the null at a = .05.

c)Explain the results in layperson’s terms.

d Explain in layperson’s terms the column percentage for the cell ‘has transactions/mayor-council.’

Answer 1

A national organization which promotes good local government management (ICMA) is interested in factors which may predict if a local government has actual ‘e-government’ transactions on their website. One of these is whether the local government is city manager or mayor/council.

	Has Transactions	No Transactions
Mayor/Council	16	10
City Manager/Council	10	18
Commission	11	15

a)Provide null and alternative hypothesis in formal terms and layperson’s terms for the chi-square two sample test. Remember to apply Yates if necessary.

Ho: There is no association between local government and ‘e-government’ transactions

H1: There is an association between local government and ‘e-government’ transactions

b Do math and reject/accept the null at a = .05.

Chi-Square Test
Observed Frequencies
	Column variable				Calculations
	Has Transactions	No Transactions	Total		fo-fe
Mayor/Council	16	10	26		3.975	-3.975
City Manager/Council	10	18	28		-2.95	2.95
Commission	11	15	26		-1.025	1.025
Total	37	43	80
Expected Frequencies
	Column variable
0	Has Transactions	No Transactions	Total		(fo-fe)^2/fe
Mayor/Council	12.025	13.975	26		1.3140	1.1306
City Manager/Council	12.95	15.05	28		0.6720	0.5782
Commission	12.025	13.975	26		0.0874	0.0752
Total	37	43	80
Data
Level of Significance	0.05
Number of Rows	3
Number of Columns	2
Degrees of Freedom	2
Results
Critical Value	5.991
Chi-Square Test Statistic	3.8574
p-Value	0.1453
Do not reject the null hypothesis

All expected values are > 5, Yates correction is not necessary.

Calculated chi square =3.8574 < 5.991 the critical value at 0.05 level of significance.

Ho is not rejected.

c)Explain the results in layperson’s terms.

We conclude that there is no association between local government and ‘e-government’ transactions.

d Explain in layperson’s terms the column percentage for the cell ‘has transactions/mayor-council.’

		Has Transactions	No Transactions	Total
Mayor/Council	Observed	16	10	26
	% of column	43.2%	23.3%	32.5%
City Manager/Council	Observed	10	18	28
	% of column	27.0%	41.9%	35.0%
Commission	Observed	11	15	26
	% of column	29.7%	34.9%	32.5%
Total	Observed	37	43	80
	% of column	100.0%	100.0%	100.0%

In the total transactions of 37, majority 16 transactions(43.2%) are from Mayor/Council.