Question

71) Which describes best something that the Pathogens causing Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium tuberculi) Malaria (Plasmodium falciparum) and Sleeping sickness (Trypanosoma cruzi) all have in common?

1. The immune system of a healthy patient can easily clear an infection of each
2. Each is capable of using gene switching to evade the immune system of even a healthy patient
3. None of these

72) B cells and T cells are both

1. Lymphocytes
2. B Leukocytes
3. Cells of the renal medulla for the kidney

73) B cells are screened for self reactivity in the

1. Thymus
2. Bursa Bone Marrow
3. Brain
4. Liver

74) T cells are screened for self reactivity in the

      A)Thymus

B) Bone Marrow

      C) Brain

D) Liver

75) Cytokines are_________

A) Molecules that control homeostasis

B) Molecules that control hormone levels

C) Molecules released by Leukocytes (Macrophages and Dendritic cells) to activate and attract Lymphocytes

D) None of these

76) Each Antigen contains multiple epitopes

1. True
2. False

77) Each B or T cell lymphocyte contains many copies of the same Antibody

A) True

B) False

78) Which portion of an Antibody binds the epitope

1. The constant region
2. The variable region
3. The transmembrane region
4. None of these

79) The basic structures of antibodies for B and T cells are different

1. True
2. False

80) Which type of lymphocyte secretes extracellular antibodies?

1. B cells
2. T cells
3. MHC 1              
4. D) Liver cells

Answer 1

72....option A is correct....T cells and B cells are both lymphocytes

c ) cells of renal medulla is lipid- laden interstitial cells, pericytes.

b) B lymphocytes is from lymphocytes ...B lymphocytes produce plasma cell.

73...option B IS correct ...B cells self reactivity in bursa bone marrow

74...option A is correct....T cells self reactivity in thymus..

75... option D is correct....none of the above

cytokines are cell signaling molecules that aid cell to cell communication in immune responses and stimulates the movement of cells towards sites of inflammation, infection, trauma.

inflammatory cytokines includes ..,interleukin 1,interleukin 6, tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF -aplha) .interferon gamma,granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor.

cytokines react with macrophages, granulocytes, lymphocytes, mast cells ,fibroblasts endothelial cells.

A ) cytokines are serves as a hemostasic regulatory mechanism. this option is wrong

B) cytokines does not control hormone levels

C ) cytokines are produced by lymphocytes...leukocytes are called as white blood cells... leucocytes are lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils......leucocytes doesn't not attract lymphocytes this option is also wrong..

76...option A is correct.....TRUE......each antigen contains multiple epitope...

77..option A is correct....TRUE.....T cells OR bB cells contain many  copies of same  antibodies

78. option B is correct.....variable region is attached to the epitope...

79...option A is correct....TRUE.....structures of B cells and T cell antibodies are different...

80...option A is correct.....B cells act extracellular antibodies because B cells can act over long distance to help eliminate extracellular pathogens...

71...none of the above.....is correct....sleeping sickness is not cured by immune system...