7. A mother has two children. The first was born perfectly healthy while the second one...

7. A mother has two children. The first was born perfectly healthy while the second one was born with rashes, showed clumping and lysis of blood. Based upon this information how would you classify this disorder? What type of antibody-antigen interaction is this and why? Explain how this disorder arises

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Expert Solution

Rh antigen or Rh factor is present on surface of Red blood cells in addition to A and B antigens.
Individuals lacking Rh antigen/factor are Rh -ve, whereas those possessing Rh factor are Rh +ve
If a Rh -ve female marries a Rh +ve male, and the fetus is Rh +ve, during fetal maternal blood transfer via placenta and at the time of delivery mother is sensitised to RhD antigen i.e. antibodies are produced in mother's body against RhD antigen.
At the time of second pregnancy, if the fetus is Rh +ve, repeat encounter of mother's antibodies with fetal RhD antigen elicits immune response against fetus.
Rapid production of IgG anti D antibodies occurs in mother's body.
Anti D IgG antibodies transfer takes place through placenta which are then attached to RBC's of foetus marking them for destruction therefore the foetus is born with hemolytic anaemia that is lysis of red blood cells and their clumping( erythroblastosis fetalis)
Therefore this antigen-antibody reaction is termed as agglutination reaction.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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