Question

NH3 - amonia
How many valence electron(s) do each of these atoms have:
nitrogen atom , Hydrogen atom

How many electrons would these atoms like to have on their outermost shells?
nitrogen atom , Hydrogen atom

-------------------------------------------------

H3CCOOH - acetic acid
How many valence electrons (s) do each of these atoms have?
Hydrogen atom , carbon atom, oxygen atom
------------------
How many electrons would these atoms like to have on their outermost shells?
Hydrogen atom , carbon atom , oxygen atom

----------------------------------------------------------------------

lead + copper(II) nitrate ->
zinc + lead(II) nitrate ->
Which reaction(s) will go forward? Which reaction(s) will not go forward? Explain why in terms of oxidation potential (or electronegativity).

Answer 1

Elecronic configuration of nitrogen 1s2 2s2 2p3 with Valence electron 5

In hydrogen the number of Valence electron is 1

The number of electron in outermost shell is equal to the Valence electron that is 5 in Nitrogen and 1in hydrogen

The elecronic configuration of oxygen is 1s2 2s2 2p4 with Valence electron 6 . The elecronic configuration of carbon is 1s2 2s2 2p2 with Valence electron 4. The number of Valence electron in hydrogen is 1.

The number of electron in outermost shell is equal to the Valence electron that is 6 in oxygen 4 in carbon and 1 in hydrogen.

Both the reaction will go in forward direction. The metal higher in the electrochemical series will displace the metal lower in the series. Lead is higher in series than copper and zinc is also higher in series than lead.