Question

1. Venous return to the heart occurs due to pressure created by
   1. respiratory pump only
   2. skeletal muscle pump only
   3. contraction of the heart
   4. skeletal muscle pump and respiratory pump
2. Systolic blood pressure in arteries is always lower than the diastolic pressure.
   1. True
   2. False
3. Increased end diastolic volume will affect;
   1. heart rate
   2. mean arterial pressure
   3. total peripheral resistance
   4. stroke volume

Answer 1

1. Venous return to the heart occurs due to pressure created by -

skeletal muscle pump- The veins are located inside the muscle groups that contract and relaxes which pumps the veins

respiratory pump - It increasing the rate and depth of respiration promotes venous return. This enhances cardiac output

2.Systolic blood pressure in arteries is always lower than the diastolic pressure -

False. The correct statement is diastolic pressure is lower than the systolic blood pressure

3.Increased end diastolic volume will affect -

Stroke volume - it is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle of the heart in one contraction. Thiis is because of the Frank-sterling law.

End diastolic volume is the volume in the ventricles at the end of the diastole, just before cardiac contraction occurs. It increases the preload which means initial stretching of the cardiac myocytes that occurs just before contraction. This preload effects the stroke volume