Question

In a paragraph or 2, pick 3 of the 4 molecules (protein, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and lipids) and talk about why those 3 molecules that you picked are important for our health. Also talk about bonds types and how the types of bonds makes those molecules good for it function.

Answer 1

Proteins:

1) Hormones: hormones are proteins which acts as chemical messengers that transmi signals from one cell to another.

Example is insulin which is secreted by pancreas to regulate the levels of blood sugar in the body.

2. Enzymes: enzymes are the proteins which accelerate metabolic processes in the cells including liver functions, stomach digestion, blood clotting and converting glycogen to glucose.

3. Collagen: it is a structural protein that is necessary component of a body. Collagen forms the connective framework of muscles, bones, tendons, skin and cartilage.

Carbohydrates:

1. Glucose: it is one of the important example of carbohydrates which is used s a source of energy.

2. Hemicellulose and cellulose: these are dietary fibers which helps to make the elimination of waste so easier.

3. Gum, mucilage and pectins: they are undigested through small intestine and are degraded into fatty acids and gases by the large intestine.

Nucleic acids:

1. DNA: It is a deoxyribonucleic acid. It is important to store the genetic information in the cells in the body.

2. RNA: it is ribonucleic acid. It is important for coding, decoding, regulation and expression of genes.

Lipids:

1. Phospholipids: the double lipid layer makes the plasma membrane of the cells.

2. Fats: fats store large amount of energy in the cells of the body. They are also important for heat insulation.

3. Steroids: they are important for cellular communication. they are important for growth, sexual development, regulating mechanism and immune defence.

The proteins consists of peptide bonds, carbohydrates consist of glycosidic linkages or bonds, nucleic acids consists of phosphodiester bonds and lipids consists of ester linkages. These bonds or linkages are used to stabilize the structures of proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids and lipids. The stabilized structures are functional in nature which can properly function in the body to maintain the health. The nonstabilized structures are not functional in nature.