Question

In: Anatomy and Physiology

a few words, your own, about proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and carbohydrates. (small paragraph).

Solutions

Expert Solution

PROTEINS-

Proteins are macromolecules that are formed by joining of many amino acids.There are a total of 20 different types amino acids that joins in different numbers and order to form a protein.

Proteins are formed by Petpide Bond ( carboxyl group of one aminoacid reacts with the amino group of the next aminoacid, release a molecule of water and forms Peptide Bond)

Based on the structure,a Protein can be divided into primary, secondary, tertiary,& quaternary.

Primary Structure- Means the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain

Secondary Structure-This refers to the pattern of hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen & carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide bond.

there are 2 secondary structures-

1.Alpha helix

2.Beta Pleated

Tertiary structure- 3D shape of a protein.

It contains one polypeptide chain with one or more secondary structures.

Quaternary structures- This is determined by number & arrangement of the protein subunits with respect to each other.

Functions-

1.Body Buliding

2.Proteins acts as Hormones,Enzymes in the Body

3.They act as Transport Molecules

4.Maintain colloidal Osmotic pressure in the body.

**NUCLEIC ACID-

Nucleic acid refers to DNA and RNA .

They are macromolecules composed of nucleotides.A nucleotide consist of

a. 5-carbon sugar(Ribose sugar in RNA & Deoxy ribose sugar in DNA)

b.a phosphate group

c.nitrogenous base.(Purines-Adenine and Guanine & Pyrimidines-Cytosine ,Thymine and Uracil)

---Thymine is Only seen in DNA

---Uracil is only seen in RNA(in RNA,Thymine is replaced by Uracil)

--- Adenine bind with Thymine/Uracil in RNA and Guanine bind with Cytosine

Nucleotides are joined by phosphodiester bonds to form Nucleic acids.

Functions: storage and expression of genetic information .

**CARBOHYDRATE

They are biomolecules that are consisting of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms with a general Formula of CnH2nOn.

There are different types of carbohydrates-

1.Monosachharides- Simple carbohydrates that cannot be hydrolysed to a simpler sugar .

Eg:Glucose,Fructose

2.Disachharides-Made up of 2 Monosachharides linked by Glycosidic Bond

3.Oligosachharides-Made of 3-10 Monosachharides linked by Glycosidic Bond

4.Polysaccharides-Made of Large number of Monosachharides linked by Glycosidic Bond

Functions-

a.Important Dietary Source

b.Important source of Energy in the Body.

**LIPIDS.

Lipids are macromolecule that are derivatives of fatty acids which are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents

Examples of Lipids-

a.Fats

b.Oils

c.Waxes,

d.Some vitamins ( A, D, E and K)

e.Most Cell membrane are made of Lipids.

Functions-

a.Stores energy

b.Acts as structural components of cell membranes .

c.Transport of some vitamins (Fat soluble vitamins)

Sydney Mullin answered 10 months ago

Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

What are the building blocks of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids?

Describe the function of carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins in the structure of a virus.

Compare and contrast the difference between Proteins, Carbohydrates, Lipids and Nucleic acids?

Early in the course we spent time talking about carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. All...

Early in the course we spent time talking about carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids and lipids. All of these are synthesized through condensation reactions. A. What is a condensation reaction? B. Why do condensation reactions require energy? Use concepts such as potential energy and entropy in your answer. C. Describe the link between spontaneous/nonspontaneous reactions and energy.

You are consuming a food item that contains carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and a substance...

You are consuming a food item that contains carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and a substance A stipulated to not be digestable by human enzymes, but digestible by bacterial enzymes into substance B. Discuss where and how each of the five nutrient types will be digested (multiple locations may be required), and how their absorbable components (monosaccharides, fatty acids, amino acids, nucleotides, and substance B) will be absorbed by the body. Include in your response a complete review of the...

What functional groups are associated with carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids What are the functions...

What functional groups are associated with carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids What are the functions of carbohydrates? Give examples of monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. What are the characteristics of lipids? How are saturated fats different from unsaturated fats?

You are consuming a food item that contains carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and a substance...

You are consuming a food item that contains carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and a substance A stipulated to not be digestible by human enzymes, but digestible by bacterial enzymes into substance B. Discuss where and how each of the five nutrient types will be digested (multiple locations may be required), and how their absorbable components (monosaccharides, fatty acids, amino acids, nucleotides, and substance B) will be absorbed by the body. Include in your response a complete review of the...

We have discussed the major molecules in the cell (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids). You are...

We have discussed the major molecules in the cell (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids). You are going to chose one of these molecules and write a convincing argument for why it should be considered the most important of the four. In your argument you must include: 1) A description of the function of all four molecules and why your choice is the most important. 2) A description of the structure of the molecule you have chosen. 3) Four processes/functions that...

What are the “building blocks” of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids? How do they play a...

What are the “building blocks” of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids? How do they play a key role in biophysical modeling on the molecular scale? In other words, why do we focus on these building blocks?

Unlike carbohydrates, nucleus acids, and lipids, proteins have diverse functions in a cell. Proteins are polymers...

Unlike carbohydrates, nucleus acids, and lipids, proteins have diverse functions in a cell. Proteins are polymers of the same subunits, amino acids. Discuss how the structure of amino acids allows proteins to perform so many functions. At least 250 words Please cite two sources

Subjects