Temperature has a relatively unusual effect on rubber. Assume
that the rubber band is governed mainly...
Temperature has a relatively unusual effect on rubber. Assume
that the rubber band is governed mainly by entropic elasticity,
what do you expect about a stretched rubber band when heated?
Why?
To study the effect of curing temperature on shear strength of a
certain rubber compound, 80 specimens were cured at 150°C and 105
were cured at 130°C. The specimens cured at 150°C had an average
shear strength of 620 psi, with a standard deviation of 20 psi.
Those cured at 130°C had an average shear strength of 750 psi, with
a standard deviation of 30 psi. Let μXμX represent the population
mean strength for the specimens cured at 130°C and...
Consider an ideal massless rubber-band which has an upstretched
‘l’. A roll of 50 pennies of total mass mpis attached to
the rubber band. The new stretched length of the rubber band with
the pennies hanging down from the end of the rubber band is 1:
Assume the rubber band satisfies Hookes’ law when it is
stretched, what is the spring constant of the rubber band?
A small nut with mass with the mass mnis then
attached to the rubber...
A stretched-out polymer has lower entropy than a contracted one
(think back to the rubber band problem). Applying mechanical forces
to a polymer stretches it out, and it is also more likely to react
by breaking bonds along the polymer chain (compared to the
contracted case). a. Draw the reaction energy profile for the
zero-force and mechanically biased cases. b. Use the Arrhenius
expression to explain why the mechanochemical bond breaking is
faster
A physician wants to test if temperature has an effect on heart
rate. In order to do this, she compares the heart rates in beats
per minute of several random volunteers after a period of time in a
room with a temperature of 50∘F and after a period of time in a
room with a temperature of 75∘F. Suppose that data were collected
for a random sample of 11volunteers, where each difference is
calculated by subtracting the heart rate in...
which of the following statements about the chemical kinetics
are true/
a) temperature has no effect on the rate of a reaction
b) changes in reactant concentration do not affect the rate at
which a reaction occurs
c) the addition of a catalyst to a reaction will speed up the
reaction but it will not ultimately result in a larger mass of
product
d) for the same reactants, the larger the surface area, the
slower a reaction will occur
why?
QUESTION 16. A researcher wants to test if temperature
has an effect on eating behavior. Under room temperature
conditions, rats eat an average of μ = 10 grams of food each day.
The researcher selects a random sample of rats and places them in a
controlled habitat with the temperature maintained at 90°F (much
hotter than room temperature). The daily food consumption for each
of the rats in the sample is as follows:
Food Consumption (in
grams)
9.1 8.3 7.6...
Assume that a firm produces organic waste that has the effect of
increasing the fertility of neighbouring farmland and thus reducing
the farmers’ costs. It is impractical, however, to sell the waste
to the farmers. The following table shows the firm’s private
marginal costs and these external benefits to farmers from the
firm’s production.
Output
(units)
Price
(£)
Marginal (private)
costs (£)
Marginal external
benefit (£)
Marginal social
cost (£)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 ...
Alloy element content has an effect on the ductile-to-brittle
transition temperature of a steel. How does increasing the Mn
content of a steel affect the transition temperature?
Assume that liquid water has a temperature-independent capacity
of 75 J mol-1K-1, and that for the transition
below no heat is lost to the surroundings and the processes are
reversible.
a. Calculate the chnge in entropy when 1 mol of liquid water is
cooled from 100C to 50 C.
b. Calculate the change in entropy of the system when 1 mol of
liquid water at 100C is brought into contact with 1 mol of liquid
water at 0C.