In: Statistics and Probability
1. Summarize the cost by calculating the mean and standard deviation for each region
2. Calculate the Standard deviation for all five regions
3. Use a bar graph for this data set and show the five averages on the graph
4. List all the averages and standard deviations of five regions for comparison
Cost due to traffic congestion, per registered vehicle.
            
  
      City      Cost
Traffic
Northeastern cities   Baltimore, MD  
530  
       Boston, MA  
880  
       Hartford, CT  
250  
       New York, NY  
1,090  
       Philadelphia, PA  
420  
       Pittsburgh, PA  
400  
       Washington, DC  
1,420  
Midwestern cities   Chicago, IL  
570  
       Cincinnati, OH  
200  
       Cleveland, OH  
140  
       Columbus, OH  
230  
       Detroit, MI  
530  
       Indianapolis, IN  
130  
       Kansas City, MO  
160  
       Louisville, KY  
190  
       Milwaukee, WI  
370  
       Minneapolis-St. Paul,
MN   270  
       Oklahoma City, OK  
190  
       St. Louis, MO  
540  
Southern cities   Atlanta, GA  
640  
       Charlotte, NC  
390  
       Ft. Lauderdale, FL  
290  
       Jacksonville, FL  
400  
       Memphis, TN  
140  
       Miami, FL     
680  
       Nashville, TN  
340  
       New Orleans, LA  
340  
       Norfolk, VA  
390  
       Orlando, FL  
420  
       Tampa, FL  
310  
Southwestern cities   Albuquerque, NM  
210  
       Austin, TX     
410  
       Corpus Christi, TX  
50  
       Dallas, TX     
750  
       Denver, CO  
420  
       El Paso, TX  
120  
       Fort Worth, TX  
420  
       Houston, TX  
750  
       Phoenix, AZ  
630  
       Salt Lake City, UT  
90  
       San Antonio, TX  
290  
Western cities   Honolulu, HI  
470  
       Los Angeles, CA  
980  
       Portland, OR  
500  
       Sacramento, CA  
280  
       San Bernardino-River,
CA   1,320  
       San Diego, CA  
480  
       San Francisco-Oakland,
CA   930  
       San Jose, CA  
960  
       Seattle-Everett, WA  
880  
Result:
1. Summarize the cost by calculating the mean and standard deviation for each region
| 
 Descriptive statistics  | 
|||||
| 
 Northeastern  | 
 Midwestern  | 
 Southern  | 
 Southwestern  | 
 Western  | 
|
| 
 n  | 
 7  | 
 12  | 
 11  | 
 11  | 
 9  | 
| 
 mean  | 
 712.86  | 
 293.33  | 
 394.55  | 
 376.36  | 
 755.56  | 
| 
 sample standard deviation  | 
 428.47  | 
 165.66  | 
 152.08  | 
 252.56  | 
 336.46  | 
2. Calculate the Standard deviation for all five regions
| 
 Descriptive statistics  | 
|
| 
 All regions  | 
|
| 
 n  | 
 50  | 
| 
 mean  | 
 475.80  | 
| 
 sample standard deviation  | 
 314.83  | 
3. Use a bar graph for this data set and show the five averages on the graph

4. List all the averages and standard deviations of five regions for comparison
| 
 Descriptive statistics  | 
|||||
| 
 Northeastern  | 
 Midwestern  | 
 Southern  | 
 Southwestern  | 
 Western  | 
|
| 
 n  | 
 7  | 
 12  | 
 11  | 
 11  | 
 9  | 
| 
 mean  | 
 712.86  | 
 293.33  | 
 394.55  | 
 376.36  | 
 755.56  | 
| 
 sample standard deviation  | 
 428.47  | 
 165.66  | 
 152.08  | 
 252.56  | 
 336.46  |