Question

Name and explain the two hormones used for water and salt balance.

Answer 1

Ans- The two hormones which play role in regulation of salt and water are-

1. Aldosterone- Aldosterone is hormone secreted by adrenal cortex. It is the main mineralocorticoid and helps in regulation of salt and water. It acts on kidneys and colon to increase the amount of salt reabsorbed into the bloodstream and increase the amount of potassium excreted in the urine. It also causes water to be absorbed along with sodium which increases the blood volume and thus blood pressure.

2. Atrial natriuretic factor- ANF plays an important role in salt and water homeostasis. Responding to atrial stretch, the atria releases ANF into the circulation. This hormone increases renal NaCl excretion resulting in decreased blood volume and blood pressure. ANF increases the glomerulus filtration rate and reduces NaCl reabsorption in the distal nephron. It also inhibits secretion of aldosterone from adrenal cortex and oppose renin angiotensin aldosterone system.