Question

please explore the rate of formation of ATP and number of mitochondria varies in different cell types.

Answer 1

Mitochondria are the membrane bound cell organelles that can be considered as the power house of the cell because it is involved in the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by the process aerobic respiration that powers the cell's metabolic activities.

The cell may contains single large mitochondrion to thousands of the organelles per cell, this number depends on the metabolic requirements of that cell. The energy required for metabolic activities varies depending on the type of organism, tissues or even cells with in the same organism.

Hence to provide these different levels of energy for different cells the number of mitochondria varies from cell to cell, tissue to tissue, organ to organ, organism to organism.

The rate of formation of ATP are also varies in different cell types because the respiration efficiency varies in different cell types. A highly active muscle cell might generate more ATPs than relatively inactive adipose cell. The rate of ATP formation by mitochondria directly depends on respiration efficiency (proton gradient across the membrane) that may vary from cell to cell which depends on state of cell (active or inactve state).