Question

Which of the following macromolecules would yield only one type of monomer after complete hydrolysis?

A. DNA

B. Glycogen

C. Lipoprotein

D. RNA

E. Triacylglycerol

The answer is B but can someone explain why that is the answer and the others are wrong?

Answer 1

Glycogen is a highly branched, very large polymer of glucose molecule linked along its main line by alpha -1,4 glycosidic linkages. Branches arise by alpha -1, - 6- glycosidic bonds every 10residue .glycogen occurs in the cytosol as granules.

Muscles and liver are the major sites for the storage of glycogen and although concentration in the liver is higher, liver can mobilize it's glycogen fir the release of glucose to the rest of the body ,but muscles can only use its glycogen for its own energy needs.

The totals amount of energy stored as glycogen is far less than the amount stored as a fat (triacylglycerol )but fats canot be converted to glucose in mammals and canot be catabolized anaerobically.

Triacylglycerol also called triglycerides are triester of fatty acid and glycerol. They are composed of three fatty acids and glycerol molecules. There are two types .simple and mixed. Single kind of fatty acid are called simple triacylglycerol and with two or more different kinds of fatty acids are called mixed triacylglycerols. Triacylglycerol are nonploar,hydrophobic in nature and major stored lipids .(The carboxyl group of each fatty acid is joined to glycerol through a covalent bond)they are sometimes referred to as a neutral lipid. Because triacylglycerol have no charge. Triacylglycerol molecules contain fatty acid of varying lengths ,which may be saturated and unsaturated.

Triacylglycerol, phospholipids,cholesterol ester are transported in human plasma with proteins as a lipoprotein. These lipid protein complexs function as a lipid transport system because isolated lipids are insoluble in blood. They are four types of lipoprotein in human blood .cyclomicron very low density lipoprotein (VLDL). This core is coated with a monolayer of phospholipids in which proteins called apolipoprotein.

DNA has a three maincomponents.1.deoxyribose (pentose sugar)2.Base 3 . phosphate. DNA structure is often divide into four different level.primary ,secondary, tertiary ,DNA double helix is made up of two polynucleotide chains there the backbone is composed of sugar and phosphate grup and nitrogenous base project in the inward direction. RNA contains ribose sugar in places of deoxyribose in its backbone. RNA contains uracil in places of thymine in its structure. RNA was first gentics material RNA is involved in the formation of a ribosome which are directly in the protein translation process.