Question

Please answer ALL QUESTIONS

Question 9- What is a greater factor in determining breath hold time?

oxygen levels or CO2 levels

Question 14: How can kidneys increase the pH in your blood?

a. excrete CO2

b.excrete H+ ions

c. xcrete HCO3- ions

d. Increase O2

Question 18: what is the next smallest tube after bronchioles in the lungs?

question 22:What cell in the lungs secretes alveolar fluid and surfactant?

a.type 2 cells

b. alveolar macrophages

c.type 1 cells

Answer 1

9. THE answer is Carbon dioxide levels because when a person hold his or her breath,the level of oxygen decreases and carbon dioxide increases rapidly.The increase in CO2 level triggers the respiratory centre to take another break so as to increase oxygen level.Normal breathing time is about 45 to 55 seconds.

14.Kidney increase the blood pH by excreting H+ ions.The normal pH of kidney is 7.4.It is maintained by excreting H+ ions and generating bicarbonate ions.

18.The main airways to the lungs are called bronchi which then branch off to give rise to smaller tubes called bronchioles which then leads to tiny balloon like structure called alveoli. ALVEOLI is the place where exchange of gas takes place.A person has hundred of millions of alveoli in their lungs.

22.Lung surfactant is processed,packed,recycled,secreted by Type II alveolar cells which comprise about 10to 15%.They are invloved in synthesize of surfactant proteins. Type I alveolar cells are responsible for gas exchange between alveoli and blood and composed of thin cells.