Question

11. Application questions
    1. Can a protein be translated if a cell is defective for RNA polymerase? Why or why not?
    2. What would happen if the aminoacyl tRNA synthetase specific for a tRNA carrying lysine were missing during translation? How would this deficiency affect transcription?
    3. What sequences are in DNA that are not found in the processed mRNA?
    4. What are the sequences that are in processed mRNA that are translated into polypeptide?

Answer 1

A. The protein encoded in the DNA can't be translated if there will be no transcription. The transcription requires the RNA polymerase enzyme which synthesizes the RNA by reading the DNA template. After the RNA synthesis the protein synthesis starts. But due to defective RNA polymerase enzyme the further processes after the replication can't take place.

B. If there will be loss of any amino acyl tRNA synthetase during the process of translation, the attachment of the amino acid contained by the enzyme, to the particular tRNA will not occur. But there is an anticodon available for that amino acid in the mRNA sequence. So the further attachment of amino acid will stop and the polypeptide will be detached.

C. Introns are the sequences which are not found in the processed mRNA but are present in DNA and the pre mRNA. These are non essential regions which are removed during the splicing.

D. The exons are the part of RNA which are present after the processing. During splicing or processing the introns are removed and the exons are binded adjacently. These are the sequences which are translated.

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