Question

1. how biotechnology benefits society both medically and in other ways

2. how eukaryotic genes can be expressed in bacteria and be able to describe the process involved

Answer 1

1)benefits of biotechnology are as follows:

• benefits in DNA analysis in crime issues
• helps in studying genetic disorder of the fetus
• high yielding crop production
• improved quality of food products
• increased food production
• helps in the production of antibiotics and vaccines
• improves human health
• improves well being of consumers and farm communities
• helps in maintaining environmental sustainability
• increased farmer income
• effective treatment of human diseases by the introduction of pharmaceutical and diagnostic products

2)gene expression is the process by which inheritable information from a gene such as the DNA sequence is made into a functional gene product in the form of protein or RNA .

this is done with the help of biotechnology

this is done by fusion of bacterial gene to the E coli which is extremely useful for determining the expression of gene product. E coli is considered as the vector.

organisms containing introduced genes are called as transgenic.

steps involved are:

1. intoduction of gene of interest into the E coli which is considered as the vector
2. vector introduced into the transgenic bacteria
3. transgenic bacteria used as a machinary for the production of desired protein
4. production of proteins in the bacteria by the process of replication, transcription and translation
5. isolation of proteins produced from the bacteria for commercial use eg: insulin,growth hormone etc