Question

1. Evaluate the performance of smart antennas compared to traditional antennas for a given communication system. For a given communication system design, what factors will you consider if choosing to deploy smart antennas? Describe at least two types of smart antennas and their working.

Answer 1

Q Evaluate the performance of smart antennas compared to traditional antennas for a given communication system. For a given communication system design, what factors will you consider if choosing to deploy smart antennas? Describe at least two types of smart antennas and their working.

Ans: Firstly let's know about the antennas .An antenna is a device through which,basically in the transmission mode,the radio frequency energy is coupled in the transmitter to the free space and the free space to the receiver in the receiving mode.Antennas has the many different uses, like from the radio to the WiFi.They work in such a way that the transmitter send the signal and that signal is intercepted by a receiver.

Now coming to performance of smart antennas compared to traditional antennas for a given communication system:

Let's know little about the smart antennas.Smart Antennas is also known as the adaptive array antennas or the multiple antennas and this is used basically to increase the efficiency in digital wireless communication systems. This type of antennas takes the advantages of the diversity effect that the transceiver of the wireless system that is from the source and the destination.In this the term diversity basically refers to the transmission and reception of multiple radio frequencies and this are used to decrease the error during data communication and it also help to increases the data speed between the source and the destination.

The main difference of smart antennas as compared to the traditional antennas for a given communication system is that the both of the system's deal with the problems that are caused by multi path wave propagation.When the wireless signal sent the signal from the large distances , so in between the path it has to pass from the many barriers like the mountains, tall buildings ,or the utility wires and so on.And by this the signals are scattered and it will take the multiple path to to reach the receiver.And in the traditional antennas the  method called single input single output [SISO] is used that connect the one antennas that are connected to the source to the destination.And in the traditional antennas the signals are arrive late at the destination, by this the signal arrive cut-out,faded , and also with the problem like the common communication problems that is the picket fencing.And by this the traditional antenna receive the signal late that too erroneous in nature.So, this all types of the problem are solved in the smart antennas.And by this the signal quality and the speed also increases.

The following are the advantages of the smart antennas are as follows:

• It basically improves the performance of the wireless system.
• It also help in increasing the capacity , signal quality as well as the coverage.
• For the potential user it is economical.
• In this the multiple channel are possible in the spatial dimension.

Following are the factors that are consider if we choose to deploy smart antennas:

• Capacity.
• Range extension.
• Coverage and Capacity Improvement.
• Signal processing algorithms.

1) Capacity:Capacity is basically related to the spectral efficiency of the system, and also the amount of traffic offered by each user.Basically the spectral efficiency E are measured in the n channels/km2/MHz.So, in the smart antennas the Capacity is the important factor that must be maintained .Such that the mart antennas optimizes the capacity and it will communicate directionally by forming the specific antenna beam like patterns.

2)Coverage and Capacity Improvement: In the simple word we can say that the coverage is basically the area in which the communication between the antenna and the devices like phone  and the base station is possible.And the capacity is basically the measure the number of the user that the  system can support in a given area.So, this is also a very crucial parameter that to improve performance of smart antennas.

THANKS , i think this will give you a better intuition about your question. If you have any doubt feel free to ask in the comment section.