Question

Patients with chronic renal failure are usually more prone to skin discoloration. Briefly discuss 4 reasons for this situation.

Answer 1

The patient with chronic renal failure are more prone to skin discoloration: there are some reason mentioned as follow

1. Hyperpigmentation : There are so many cases found having renal failure and there urochrome pigment retained in skin. Normally the healthy kidneys excrete the urocromur from body while patient with chronic renal failure or kidney disease retain the urochrome pigment in skin it leads to Hyperpigmentation. Patient in such condition have greyish or metallic color skin.

2. Uremic frost: the white powedery substance remain left on the skin after sweat dries. The crystallized urea deposit on skin found in such condition. The uremic frost can be prevented by dialysis

3. End stage renal disease (ESRD) : in ESRD the kidneys are fail to maintain the normal level of waste products such as protein metabolism ie. Urea and creatinine. While in addition to that sodium,phosphate and calcium are act as agent to pathogenesis of skin. The ESRD mostly includes the skin diseases such as xerosis, pruritis, Hyperpigmentation, calcifying disorders.

4.cutaneos calcinosis: the insoluble calcium salt deposited in skin and subcutaneous tissues.

5. The renal failure includes hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia and hypertension. In the long run such condition causes changes in microvasculature and leading to passage for proteins. It affects on the blood vessel sclerosis