Question

Part 1) What are some of the key ideas from the history of management and how are they relevant to our understanding of management today? (For example, Adam Smith, Henry Ford, Frederick Winslow Taylor, Hawthorne Effect, etc…)

Part 2) What is your view of how things stand with the environment? How big an issue is this for us, how much (if any) is business responsible for it? How much change (if any) is needed to get us on the right track?

no plagarism please!

Answer 1

Ans 1

following are the some of key ideas from registry of management which have a higher level of importance in the present day management practices are included by different founder's such as .

# Adam Smith

Adam Smith was the father of economics he was the first person who identify the division of labour as the main drivers of productivity we provide a foundation for the division of labour and demonstrate the importance of establishing the right of institutions with in a form in the management perspective his observation about the division of labour is the key as a means of increasing productivity and efficiency and therefore lead to an increase of productivity in the manufacturer's .

# Henry Ford

introduce mass production of cards tailor method but took them further with the use of machines to replace some of the task performed by workers he extend tailor method

in spite of having strong competition in the market fod is still dominating the motor industry as well as their business strategies are quite strong for standing in the market

Establishing the climate by considering reducing long term

development of infrastructure that expand of the use of biofuels and reduce dependence on oil

Cut the use of global energy by 27% and uses of of water by 25%.

# Frederick winslow Taylor

He states that the industrial resources were not being fully used. Business enterprises are being managed by the rule of thumb for systematic work and increasing the efficiency of the organisation According to F.W. Taylor, scientific management is “knowing exactly what you want men to do and seeing that they do in the best and the cheapest way.”

Hi focus on enhancing the productivity of the workers:

i. Science, not rule of thumb.

ii. Harmony, not discord.

iii. Co-operation, not individualism

# Hawthorne effect

His effect refers to the inclination of some people to work harder and perform better when they are being observed as part of an experiment. It is also referred to as the study of employee productivity. It was named after one of the most famous experiments in industrial history.Under the Hawthorne effect, it was observed that individuals being observed would change their behaviour and become more productive not because there was any change in any variable such as working conditions or new machinery, but solely because of the attention they were getting.

Ans 2)

The natural resources are scares and thus its very important that it is being used optimaly. Economi interference is required where ever there is a constraint.Enviornment faces both the direct and the indirect effects for eg. power station emission etc.

Environmental issues are defined as harmful effects to Earth and its natural systems due to the actions of humans.

the environment issue is very problematic for human beings and living and nonliving organisms in the world because it can be in form of many issues such issues affect the life directly or indirectly some of the major examples of environment issue are.

Biodiversity.

Biodiversity is the most complex and vital feature of our planet many of the animals species and human beings are directly depend on biodiversity and by human activities which is harmful for the biodiversity harm it very much and affect the living.

Water.

Water pollution

It is a huge concern for us and our environmentWater is the vital source of living for all because it is. The matter of Survival like air but due to to discharge of harmful chemicals and non eco friendly items in the water han mat very much and affect the life of animals and the humans also.

Deforestation.

We need plants and trees to survive for living in the environment the trees are the most important source of oxygen for all by deforestation the cutting of trees take place but for oxygen we need to plant more and more trees for survival and stop the deforestation process.

Pollution.

it was the harmful discharge of chemicals and non eco-friendly items which affect the environment by many ways these are air water and noise pollution affect the environment very deeply and it must be control for survival

Climate Change.

Due to overuse of technologies there is huge amount of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide in the the surrounding and there is huge amount of climate change every year or very rapidly such as climate change is due to ozone depletion global warming and many of the components are occurring due to harmful human activities.

The business and the industrialisation is very much responsible for all of issues because it affect the environment very much in many ways such as the industrialization take place in the remote or rural areas where they cut down the trees and forests let them for the industrial use and for building and etc they use different big machineries for or manufacturing and all all which ultimately use many of the fuels and resources and released many harmful chemicals and gases in the air which ultimately affect the the environment by air pollution and second the use of chemicals in the manufacturing are dumped in the river and the chemical effect the water And the species in the the water and the water is supplied to the human beings also for drinking and other purpose that harmful water affect the life of human beings also that it is also contribute to pollution through to water and third the use of big machineries take lot of of noise which ultimately affect the the environment through very loud noises and causes noise pollution also the company used the transportation for supply of goods or many thing so the transportation uses the fuels like petrol diesel and by burning this fuels cause large amount of co2 in the environment which is responsible for global warming so we can say that business is affecting the environment in many harmful ways.

For rectifying the the use of of non environment friendly items must be accomplish in the environment by the humans the rectification must be done by planting more and more trees by making the environment green the oxygen level will maintain and it will help the environment very much for fighting against the global warming and ozone depletion second there must be proper use of resources which are already less the environment it must be proper use of each and every necessities of life such as water it must be used in proper way without any wastage and the electricity also must be used in appropriate way then and there are many of the precautions which the human must have to take for healthy environment and it is very much useful and essential for environment because of survival of human beings and for future generation.

Thank u