Question

Q：Discuss Barry Buzan's theory of national security using the following key words （1200 words)
keyword:（threats and vulnerabilities; elements of the state, types and operation of threats ）

Answer 1

In traditional concept, the term security refers that it is freedom from threat, dangers and fears. It usually addresses the threat of organized inter group violence based on certain common issues. The national security on the other hand, it is a nation's need. It need to be protected by all means. In order to protect national security, it is very important to possess energy security, economic security and environmental security. It is also required the survival of the state through the use of economic, social and political power adopting a diplomatic strategy.

In his book "People, State and Fear", Buzans explains security as a concept, which provides freedom from threat, and the ability of states and its societies to maintain their independent identity and functional integrity. It is the duty of the governement to safeguard national security.  

Each nations sesurity is depended upon its military, economic and political positions. Two world wars clearly taught us how much industrial potential and economic resources conributed to manage the economy.  

National Security also depends on international cooperation. Existing elements of the state like threats and vulnerable approach from the part of our counter parts should be prevented and national cooperation should be motivated. Now it is realised that in the modern world, any increase the in the security of one nation may depend upon the increase in the security of other nations.  

The following are the factors which affects national security which makes the life of the people more vulnerable.

i. terrorism ii.Espionage iii. Proliferation iv. Economic espionage v. targeting national information infrstructure vi. foreign intelligence activities, etc.  

Buzans approach is a different one. The three levels which he is addressed in his book are individuals, states and international systems. According to him military threats can affect all components of the state.  

Political threats should also have a constant consideration of the state.

Societal security is another one, should get top priority

Inshort, the works of barry buzan can be considered to be a great tool for security studies as well as international relations.  

According to Bzan, in the national security problem, individuals, state, and the sytem all play an equal part and in which economic, social and environmental factors, are as important as political and military ones.