Question

A mother brings her baby daughter in to your office for her 12-month set of vaccinations. The baby is scheduled to receive, among others, the MMR and the polio immunizations. After the nurse show the mother, the baby, and the baby’s 3-year-old to the examining room, she tells the mother to undress the baby except for her diaper. She hands her a blue booklet about the polio vaccine and additional forms about the other vaccines and asks her to read them all.

            The baby cries as the mother undresses her. The 3-year-old starts to climb up a chair and reaches for the needle-disposal container mounted on the wall. The young mother is frazzled; she keeps one hand on the baby lying on the table and tries to scoop up her son with the other. The 3-year-old slips out of her grip and bumps his knee on the corner of the table as he skids to the floor. Now he is crying, too.

            The mother never manages to read the vaccination information but she does sign the forms where she is supposed to. When the physician arrives, she checks for the signatures, then performs a thorough examination. On her way out she tells the mother that the nurse will be in to administer the vaccinations.

1. What type of information is contained in all vaccine brochures? Why should they be read before the vaccines are administered?
2. What particular facts are critical for parents to know about the polio vaccine?
3. What other vaccines besides the MMR and polio are appropriate for a 1-year-old child?

Two forms of the polio vaccine, the live attenuated version (called the OPV, or oral polio vaccine) and the killed or inactivated version

Answer 1

I.In any vaccine brochure, there should be information about:

1. against which infections does the vaccine provides immunity

2. How effective the vaccine is .

3.the right age to administer the vaccine.

4.how safe is the vaccine.

5,what are the possible side effects.

6.If there is a need for booster dose.

7. At risk patients which immunodeficiency and other disease that weakens immune system.

ll. This information is really important before administering a vaccine. The people should be aware about against which disease the vaccine is effective. They should make a vaccine log and note down information about every vaccine received.

in case of any complication, it will come in handy.
the vaccine brochure should be thoroughly read to make yourself aware of of all the points mentioned in I.

III. It is important for parents to know that-

- polio is caused by a virus

-there is no cure for polio

-1 in 200 infections leads to irreversible paralysis.

-polio can infect person of any age but children under the age of 5 are more prone

-polio vaccine is the best way to prevent polio.

-the vaccine is administered  from 2 months to 6 years from birth.

-all children need four doses of polio vaccine ,

first dose -2 months

second dose- 4 months

third dose- 6 to 18 months

fourth dose- 4 to 6 years.

-people with any serious allergies should get tested before polio vaccine.

IV. Besides MMR and polio vaccines, the following vaccines are appropriate for one year old child.

hepatitis B vaccine, haemophilus influenzas vaccine, pneumonicoccal conjugate vaccine, varicella zoster vaccine,

V. Sabin vaccine is live attenuated vaccine, it is also called OPV. It contains three attenuated strains of polio virus. The major disadvantage of attenuated vaccine is that there is a possible that the attenuated virus will revert to its virulent state. OPV elicit a stronger response than Salk vaccines and it elicit a life long immunity.

salk vaccine is produced by chemical inactivation if polio virus .killed vaccine requires booster doses. They are safer than OPV . Thus Salk vaccine should be used in places where there is a chance for administering booster doses. Like in developed countries.