Question

how might pollution and deforestation effect an ecosystem?

Answer 1

effects of pollution and defrestation are given below-

(1) Effects of pollution:

• High levels of air pollution causes increased risk of wheezing, coughing and breathing problems and irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat in different animals lving in an acosystem.
• Nitrogen oxides released into the air by the burning of fossil fuels also contribute to the nitrogen responsible for toxic algae blooms.
• Like humans, animals can suffer from a number of health problems due to air pollution, including birth defects, reproductive failure, and diseases.

• Green house gases like carbondioxide, methane etc. incearses average temperature of earth. This problem is called global warming.

• The release of compounds including hydrochlorofluorocarbons, chlorofluorocarbons and halons formerly used as coolants, foaming agents, pesticides, solvents, aerosol propellants and fire-extinguishers are depleting the ozone. Due to this, more UV rays are reaching the earth and affecting the plant and animal growth very badly.

• Bodies of water are heavily polluted by dumbing of garbage and chemicals by industrial plants, health centers, municipalities and individuals.
• Pollutants such as cadmium, mercury and lead are eaten by tiny aquatic organisms that are then eaten by fish and shell fish, becoming more concentrated with each step up the food chain and causing serious problems in humans and wildlife. This problem is called biomagnification.
• Nutrient pollution in water bodies causes growth of toxic algal blooms in water sources that create toxins which kill fish and other aquatic animals.
• Contaminated soil can cause various problems on the skin, respiratory problems and even different kinds of cancers.
• Harmful chemicals from water dumped on land seep into earth which contaminate ground water and changes the composition of soil making it unsuitable for plant growth.
• Noise pollution causes stress, anxiety, headaches, irritability, hearing loss and sleep loss resulting in decreased productivity in animals.
• Oil drills, submarines, and other vessels on and in the ocean can cause excessive noise that has resulted in the injury or death of marine animals.
• Many animals are plants are photoperiodic, hence, their movement, mating, growth and development, and eating cycles are regulated by natural light patterns. Light pollution can interfere with these natural behaviors and cycles, causing a decrease in wildlife populations.

Effects of deforestation on ecosystem:

• Defrostation causes increase in carbondioxide which is a major greenhouse gas Due to this average temperature of earth is increasing.
• Plants regulate water cycle byy transpiration. Deforestation causes adverse effects on water cycle of an area and causes the conditions of droughts.
• Deforestation causes Soil erosion which further becomes the cause of flooding.
• Due to deforestation, habitat of many wild animals is lost. and their interactions with human increaes which become the cause of their eath. Many times entire species become extinct.