In: Chemistry
1. First you need to find the number of valence electrons in CH3Cl. For counting purposes with Lewis structures, the number of valence electrons in an atom of a main group element is equal to the last digit in the group number of that element in the Periodic Table. C is in Group ____________ H is in Group ____________ Cl is in Group ____________ In NH2Cl there is a total of ____________ valence electrons.
2. The model consists of balls and sticks. How many holes should be in the ball you select for the C atom? ____________ the H atoms? ____________ the Cl atom? ____________ The electrons in the molecule are paired, and each stick represents a valence electron pair. How many sticks do you need? ____________
3. Assemble a skeleton structure for the molecule, connecting the balls and sticks to make one unit. Use the rule that C atoms form 4 bonds, whereas Cl and H atoms usually form only one. Draw a sketch of the skeleton below:
4. How many sticks did you need to make the skeleton structure?____________ How many sticks are left over? ____________ If your model is to obey the octet rule, each ball must have four sticks in it (except for hydrogen atom balls, which need and can only have one). (Each atom in an octet rule species is sur- rounded by four pairs of electrons.) How many holes remain to be filled?____________ Fill them with the remaining sticks, which represent nonbonding electron pairs. Draw the complete Lewis structure for CH3Cl using lines for bonds and pairs of dots for nonbonding electrons.
5. Describe the geometry of the model, which is that of CH3Cl. ____________ Is the CH3Cl molecule polar? ____________ Why? Would you expect CH3Cl to have any isomeric forms? ____________ Explain your reasoning.
6. Would CH3Cl have any resonance structures? ____________ If so, draw them below.
1. First you need to find the number of valence electrons in CH3Cl. For counting purposes with Lewis structures, the number of valence electrons in an atom of a main group element is equal to the last digit in the group number of that element in the Periodic Table. C is in Group ____4th________ H is in Group __1st__________ Cl is in Group _____7th_______ In NH2Cl there is a total of ____14________ valence electrons.
2. The model consists of balls and sticks. How many holes should be in the ball you select for the C atom? _______4_____ the H atoms? _____1_______ the Cl atom? ____1________ The electrons in the molecule are paired, and each stick represents a valence electron pair. How many sticks do you need? _____7_______
3. Assemble a skeleton structure for the molecule, connecting the balls and sticks to make one unit. Use the rule that C atoms form 4 bonds, whereas Cl and H atoms usually form only one. Draw a sketch of the skeleton below:
4. How many sticks did you need to make the skeleton structure?___4_________ How many sticks are left over? ______3______ If your model is to obey the octet rule, each ball must have four sticks in it (except for hydrogen atom balls, which need and can only have one). (Each atom in an octet rule species is sur- rounded by four pairs of electrons.) How many holes remain to be filled?____3________ Fill them with the remaining sticks, which represent nonbonding electron pairs. Draw the complete Lewis structure for CH3Cl using lines for bonds and pairs of dots for nonbonding electrons.
5. Describe the geometry of the model, which is that of CH3Cl. ___tetrahedral_________ Is the CH3Cl molecule polar? _____no_______ Why? Would you expect CH3Cl to have any isomeric forms? ___no_________ Explain your reasoning.
6. Would CH3Cl have any resonance structures? ___no_________ If so, draw them below.