Question

In: Biology

Please answer 1-7 Bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella produce invasins that affect the host’s...

Please answer 1-7

  1. Bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella produce invasins that affect the host’s cells, thus causing the host cells to __________.

    release tumor necrosis factors (TNFs)

    produce iron-binding proteins

    engulf the bacterial cell

    destroy the bacterium

  1. What are interleukins and interferons?

    antibodies

    antigens

    cytokines

    bacterial toxins

  1. Which of these permanently colonize the host through most of its life?

    normal microbiota

    transient microbiota

    alien microbiota

    none of these

  1. Which statement about nosocomial infections is false?

    they occur in compromised patients

    they may be caused by drug-resistant bacteria

    they are caused by microbes living inside of the medical facility

    the patient had the infection prior to hospitalization

  1. Endotoxins are __________.

    associated with gram-positive bacteria

    are generally more potent than exotoxins

    associated with gram-negative bacteria

    actively excreted by living cells

  1. Ergot toxin, Aflatoxin, and other types of mycotoxins are produced by ________.

    viruses

    bacteria

    fungi

    helminthes

  1. Which of these is a portal of microbial entry into humans?

    mucous membranes

    skin

    parenteral routes   

    all of these are correct

Solutions

Expert Solution

Bacteria such as E. coli and Salmonella produce invasins that affect the host’s cells, thus causing the host cells to __________.

Correct option: release tumor necrosis factors (TNFs)

This is the correct option because invasin causes host cell to induce inflammatory response by producing TNF alpha cytokine

What are interleukins and interferons?

Correct option: cytokines

This is the correct option because interleukins and interferons are type of cytokines.

Which of these permanently colonize the host through most of its life?

Correct option: normal microbiota

This is the correct option because normal microbiota permanently colonize in the gut of host.

Which statement about nosocomial infections is false?

Correct option: the patient had the infection prior to hospitalization

This is the false statement because the nosocomial infection is caused in hospital environment due to medical devices in the hospital or due to antibiotic-resistant pathogen in immune-compromised patients.

Endotoxins are __________.

Correct option: associated with gram-negative bacteria

This is the correct option because endotoxin is secreted by gram-negative bacteria.

Ergot toxin, Aflatoxin, and other types of mycotoxins are produced by ________.

Correct option: Fungi

This is the correct option because Ergot toxin, Aflatoxin, and other types of mycotoxins is produced by fungi (moulds)

Which of these is a portal of microbial entry into humans?

Correct option: all of these are correct

This is the correct option because microbes can enter through parenteral route due to wound injury or insect bite, skin or mucous membrane.

gladiator answered 1 year ago
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