Question

Please answer 1-7

1. Which of these has the potential to differentiate into either myeloid stem cells or lymphoid stem cells?

   		erythrocytes
   		mast cells
   		pluripotent stem cells
   		plasma cells

1. Innate immunity involves which components of the human body?

   		skin
   		mucus
   		blood cells
   		all of these

1. Giardiasis is caused by the protozoa Giardia, what is its most common method of entry into the human body?

   		blood transfusions
   		through contaminated water
   		poorly cooked meat
   		none of these

1. Which immunoglobulin has a pentamer structure?

   		IgG
   		IgM
   		IgA
   		IgD

1. The process of hematopoiesis is best described as __________.

   		the differentiation of blood cells
   		the differentiation of viruses
   		the differentiation of bacterial cells
   		none of these

1. Which of these best describe adhesins/ligands?

   		they are either cilia or flagella and are used in cell movement
   		they are surface molecules on a pathogen that bind to the host cell
   		they are a type of exotoxin
   		they are a type of endotoxin

1. Which of these is an example of artificially acquired active immunity?

   		immunity acquired after catching measles from someone
   		immunity acquired from mother to child through antibodies in breast milk
   		immunity acquired via vaccination of a specific antigen
   		immunity acquired via injection of antibodies into the body

Answer 1

1.erythrocytes or red blood cells cannot divide into other bodily cells.
mast cells are not thought to undergo cell division
pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into nearly all cells which can include either lymphoid or myeloid stem cells.

2. innate immunity includes physical barries like skin, and mucus, saliva and also blood cells(epithelial cells)

3.giardiasis is caused by protozoa giardia by several methods of infection. but the most common method of infection is by taking contaminated water. it can also spread through consuming uncooked meat. it causes diarrhoea.

4. IgM immuno globulin has pentamer structure and it contains in mammals.

5.the process of hematopoiesis is described as the differentiation of blood cells.

6.the bacterial ligand or adhesin is a component on the surface of the bacteria that binds with the host cell.

7.artificially acquired active immunity is the immunity acquired by the vaccination of specific antigen.