Explain how mutations in EGFR and other MAPK components can lead to cancers. (5 marks)

Explain how mutations in EGFR and other MAPK components can lead to cancers.

Expert Solution

Ans. EGFR is found on the surface of some noraml cells and involved in cell growth . It may also be found at high level on some types of cancer cell, which cause these cell grow and divide . Blocking EGFR may keep cancer cells from growing . Some EGFR inhibitors are used to treat cancer.

EGFR mutation refers to a mutation ( demage) to the portion of the Dna in a lung cancer cell which carries the recipe for making EGFR ( epidermal growth factor receptor ) proteins . The nucleus of each of our cell contains our Dna , which in turn is made up of genes . When there are too many receptor caused by mutation , as happen in cancer, cell continue to grow and divide . 15% of patients with non small cell lung cancer have mutation to the EGFR .

MAPK pathway is a chain of protein in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the surface of the cell to Dna in the nucleus of the cell . The mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK) pathway play a role in the regulation of gene expression , cellular growth , and survival . Abnormal MApk signalling may lead to increased or uncontrolled cell proliferation and resistance to Apoptosis

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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