Question

First question) Define job production, batch production and mass production, and briefly state the drawbacks for each of these approaches to production.

Second question) Draw and label a graph to illustrate economies of scale and show on your graph the relationship between economies of scale and job production, batch production and mass production.

Answer 1

1. Job Production - Job production means production of goods which are unique in nature and produced on the basis of customers specific requirements. They are produced only when the order is placed by the customers as they are unique in nature and require specialized workers and instruments and tools for its production.

Batch Production- the process in which the goods are produce in a stage by stage process or batches at different work stations or machines and not in a continous line of production.

Mass Production - It is the process of contionous process of production of standardized goods in large quantities.

Disadvantages of Job production: High cost of production, requires specialist labor, Slower production time compared to other methods, division of labor not possible.

Disadvantages of Batch Production: There is a chance of idle time for workers as well as machines, Error in the production of one batch affects other items of the batch of the same product.

Disadvantages of Mass Production: Difficult to adjust to ever changing customer demand, monotony in the job leads to unmotivated workers and staff turnover, It is difficult to change the production line, Bottle necks.

2. The image shows the relation between economies of scale and the three production types.